Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2022 Sep;153:113524. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113524. Epub 2022 Aug 13.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor characterized by unchecked division and survival of abnormal cells in the colon or rectum with high morbidity and mortality. Despite the rapid development of early screening methods and improved therapies, the prognosis of CRC is not satisfactory. Identification of new biomarkers for early detection and development of more effective therapies are still urgent tasks in current studies to achieve ideal treatment of CRC. Ferroptosis is a recently emerged novel regulated form of cell death characterized by a massive accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxidates, making it morphologically and molecularly distinct from apoptosis, cell death, and autophagy. Accumulating studies have shown that induction of ferroptosis in CRC successfully eliminates cancer cells resistant to other modes of cell death. Thus, ferroptosis may become a new direction for the design of CRC therapy. Although many research articles have investigated the possible roles of ferroptosis in CRC, a study that summarizes the main findings, including the regulators and mechanisms of action, of ferroptosis in CRC is not available. Herein, the studies in recent literature regarding the roles of ferroptosis on the progression and treatment of CRC were summarized, mainly focusing on molecular and biological mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. In particular, the roles of numerous ferroptosis regulators, such as SLC7A11, reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH), and iron, in CRC, were discussed and the application of ferroptosis-associated genes for the early diagnosis and prognosis of CRC was explored. In addition, an outlook for future studies of ferroptosis in CRC treatment and the possible barriers and the corresponding solutions were discussed.
结直肠癌（CRC）是一种常见的恶性肿瘤，其特征是结肠或直肠中异常细胞的不受控制的分裂和存活，具有高发病率和死亡率。尽管早期筛查方法的快速发展和治疗方法的改进，CRC 的预后仍不理想。确定新的生物标志物用于早期检测和开发更有效的治疗方法仍然是当前研究中的紧迫任务，以实现 CRC 的理想治疗。铁死亡是一种最近出现的新型受调控的细胞死亡形式，其特征是铁依赖性脂质过氧化物的大量积累，使其在形态和分子上与细胞凋亡、细胞死亡和自噬不同。越来越多的研究表明，在 CRC 中诱导铁死亡成功地消除了对其他细胞死亡模式具有抗性的癌细胞。因此，铁死亡可能成为 CRC 治疗设计的新方向。尽管许多研究文章已经研究了铁死亡在 CRC 中的可能作用，但尚未有研究总结铁死亡在 CRC 中的主要发现，包括调节剂和作用机制。在此，总结了近期文献中关于铁死亡在 CRC 进展和治疗中的作用的研究，主要侧重于体外和体内的分子和生物学机制。特别是，讨论了许多铁死亡调节剂，如 SLC7A11、活性氧（ROS）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）和铁，在 CRC 中的作用，并探讨了铁死亡相关基因在 CRC 的早期诊断和预后中的应用。此外，还讨论了铁死亡在 CRC 治疗中的未来研究展望以及可能的障碍和相应的解决方案。
