Albergamo Ambrogina, Vadalà Rossella, Metro Daniela, Giuffrida Daniele, Monaco Francesco, Pergolizzi Stefano, Leonardi Michelangelo, Bartolomeo Giovanni, Petracci Massimiliano, Cicero Nicola
Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Images Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98100 Messina, Italy.
Science4Life Srl, an Academic Spin-Off, c/o BIOMORF Department of University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98100 Messina, Italy.
Foods. 2022 Aug 25;11(17):2567. doi: 10.3390/foods11172567.
The influence of diet enrichment with flaxseed, selenium and vitamin E, and market class on breast meat was investigated in terms of technological and sensorial quality of breast meat. A randomized complete block design with an experimental unit of n = 6000 broilers receiving a standard or enriched diet, and slaughtered at 37 (light class), 47 (medium class), or 57 (heavy class) days of life, was developed. Then, enriched and standard breast muscles from every market class were studied for their technological and sensorial traits—both at 24 h post-mortem and after one month of frozen storage—by a statistical multiple linear model. Redness and yellowness of muscles significantly (p < 0.05) increased and decreased with increasing market age. Moreover, the yellowness significantly (p < 0.05) raised after frozen storage. However, obtained data were always indicative of a normal meat color. The water holding capacity improved following fed enrichment and significantly (p < 0.05) worsened after frozen storage. For the sensory analysis, juiciness and chewing rest of meat resulted significantly (p < 0.05) improved with increasing slaughtering age and diet enrichment, as well as their mutual interaction, while they deteriorated after frozen storage. Overall, fresh and enriched muscles from heavy broilers had the best technological and sensorial traits, thus, confirming that market size and diet should be highly considered to obtain breast meat with greater consumer acceptance.
就胸肉的技术和感官品质而言,研究了用亚麻籽、硒和维生素E强化饮食以及市场等级对胸肉的影响。采用随机完全区组设计,以n = 6000只接受标准或强化饮食的肉鸡为实验单位,在37日龄(轻级)、47日龄(中级)或57日龄(重级)时屠宰,进行实验。然后,通过统计多元线性模型,研究了每个市场等级的强化和标准胸肌在宰后24小时和冷冻储存一个月后的技术和感官特性。随着市场年龄的增加,肌肉的红色和黄色显著(p < 0.05)增加和减少。此外,冷冻储存后黄色显著(p < 0.05)升高。然而,获得的数据始终表明肉色正常。饲喂强化饲料后,持水能力提高,冷冻储存后显著(p < 0.05)恶化。对于感官分析,随着屠宰年龄和饮食强化程度的增加以及它们的相互作用,肉的多汁性和咀嚼性显著(p < 0.05)改善,而冷冻储存后则变差。总体而言,重型肉鸡的新鲜和强化肌肉具有最佳的技术和感官特性,因此,证实为了获得消费者接受度更高的胸肉,应高度考虑市场规模和饮食。