School of Public Administration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
School of Foreign Languages, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 23;19(17):10469. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191710469.
Changes in the territorial pattern of the Beibu Gulf, an environmentally sensitive and ecologically fragile area in China, will directly or indirectly affect the regional ecological environment, while profoundly influencing economic development and human well-being. Therefore, it is significant to understand the ecological response in the process of territorial space changes in the Beibu Gulf to promote the coordination between sea and land and sustainable regional development. This paper used remote sensing image interpretation to generate land-use maps in 2000, 2010 and 2020, and then analyzed the spatial and temporal evolution of the territorial pattern of the Beibu Gulf from 2000 to 2020. Finally, this paper proposed a comprehensive carrying capacity evaluation system and explored the spatial functional zones of the coastal areas of the Beibu Gulf. The results showed that the demand for urban development and ecological protection between 2000 and 2020 increased built-up land and forestland by 386.71% and 25.56%, respectively, and reduced farmland by 28.33%. There was significant spatial heterogeneity in various land-use types. Where forestland is mainly distributed in the west, farmland is mainly distributed in the east, wetland is mainly distributed in the south, and orchards are spread throughout the whole area. The evaluation results of land resources, water resources and ecological conditions in the Beibu Gulf area showed that its comprehensive carrying capacity was high in the south and low in the north, and high in the west and low in the east. On this basis, this paper considered the actual situation of natural resources, ecological conditions, socio-economic development, protection and development in coastal areas; divided the study area into four categories: developed areas, priority development areas, ecological reserve areas and coastal reserve areas; and put forward corresponding control suggestions. The results of this paper could provide a scientific basis for regional development and territorial spatial planning in the coastal areas.
北部湾地区的领土格局变化，是中国环境敏感和生态脆弱的地区，将直接或间接影响区域生态环境，同时深刻影响经济发展和人类福祉。因此，了解北部湾地区领土空间变化过程中的生态响应，对于促进陆海协调和可持续区域发展具有重要意义。本研究利用遥感影像解译生成了 2000 年、2010 年和 2020 年的土地利用图，并从 2000 年到 2020 年分析了北部湾领土格局的时空演变。最后，本研究提出了一个综合承载力评价体系，并探讨了北部湾沿海地区的空间功能区。结果表明，2000 年至 2020 年，城市发展和生态保护需求分别使建设用地和林地增加了 386.71%和 25.56%，减少了农田 28.33%。各种土地利用类型的空间异质性显著。林地主要分布在西部，农田主要分布在东部，湿地主要分布在南部，果园则分布在整个地区。北部湾地区土地资源、水资源和生态条件的评价结果表明，其综合承载力南部高北部低，西部高东部低。在此基础上，本研究考虑了自然资源、生态条件、社会经济发展、沿海地区保护与开发的实际情况；将研究区域分为发达地区、优先发展地区、生态保护区和沿海保护区四类；并提出了相应的控制建议。本研究结果可为沿海地区的区域发展和国土空间规划提供科学依据。
