Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand.
Center of Excellence in Data Science for Health Study, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 24;19(17):10530. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191710530.
School-age children increasingly use smartphones to conduct their learning activities; increasing reports of disorders related to smartphone use exist, including visual-related symptoms, stress, and musculoskeletal pain. This study aimed to examine risk factors for musculoskeletal pain among primary school students using smartphones. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 233 school-aged children in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. Data collection used a questionnaire for musculoskeletal symptoms using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire with ISO 11,226:2000. Through Chi-square, -test, and logistic regression analysis, factors independently associated with musculoskeletal pain were determined. An important factor in the development of musculoskeletal pain was the prolonged use of smartphones for longer than 60 min, particularly among children aged 6-9 years old. In regards to musculoskeletal pain, almost 53% of the students used their smartphones while lying down. Posing in a prone position while using a smartphone was 7.37 times more dangerous than sitting. The laying position tilts numerous organs at varying angles, especially the upper arm. The risk of musculoskeletal complaints must be reduced by educating parents, children, and the relevant government organizations about safe smartphone usage. The mentioned factors may be used to anticipate the onset of musculoskeletal pain caused by smartphone use in young children.
学龄儿童越来越多地使用智能手机进行学习活动；越来越多的与智能手机使用相关的疾病报告存在，包括与视觉相关的症状、压力和肌肉骨骼疼痛。本研究旨在探讨小学生使用智能手机的肌肉骨骼疼痛的危险因素。本研究采用横断面研究，在泰国那空是贪玛叻对 233 名学龄儿童进行研究。使用北欧肌肉骨骼问卷和 ISO 11,226:2000 对肌肉骨骼症状进行问卷调查。通过卡方检验、t 检验和逻辑回归分析，确定与肌肉骨骼疼痛相关的独立因素。长时间使用智能手机超过 60 分钟是肌肉骨骼疼痛发展的一个重要因素，尤其是对于 6-9 岁的儿童。关于肌肉骨骼疼痛，几乎 53%的学生在躺着的时候使用智能手机。使用智能手机时采取俯卧姿势比坐姿危险 7.37 倍。俯卧姿势使许多器官以不同的角度倾斜，尤其是上臂。必须通过教育家长、儿童和相关政府组织来降低使用智能手机引起肌肉骨骼疼痛的风险。可以利用这些因素来预测儿童使用智能手机引起肌肉骨骼疼痛的发生。
