健康生活方式能否预防自评健康良好和较差的女性医护人员领取残疾抚恤金？一项具有 11 年登记随访的前瞻性队列研究。
Can a Healthy Lifestyle Prevent Disability Pension among Female Healthcare Workers with Good and Poor Self-Rated Health? Prospective Cohort Study with 11-Year Register Follow-Up.
机构信息
Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 26;19(17):10631. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191710631.
BACKGROUND
Our purpose was to investigate whether healthy lifestyle habits prevent disability pension among female healthcare workers.
METHODS
We conducted a prospective cohort study with an 11-year register follow-up in which 8159 female healthcare workers from Denmark completed a questionnaire concerning self-rated health, work environment, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), smoking, and body mass index (BMI). Data on disability benefit payments were obtained from the Danish Register for Evaluation of Marginalization during an 11-year follow-up. Potential confounders included age, occupational education, psychosocial work factors, and physical exertion during work.
RESULTS
Among workers in good health at baseline, smoking, obesity, and low levels of LTPA were risk factors for disability pension during 11-year follow-up. Among workers with poor health, only low levels of physical activity were a risk factor for disability pension.
CONCLUSIONS
This underscores the importance of a healthy lifestyle, specially being physically active, for preventing premature exit from the labor market in female healthcare workers.
背景
我们的目的是调查健康的生活习惯是否能预防女性医护人员提前领取残疾抚恤金。
方法
我们进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，对丹麦的 8159 名女性医护人员进行了为期 11 年的登记随访，她们完成了一份关于自感健康、工作环境、休闲时间体力活动（LTPA）、吸烟和体重指数（BMI）的问卷。残疾抚恤金数据是在 11 年的随访期间从丹麦边缘化评估登记处获得的。潜在的混杂因素包括年龄、职业教育、社会心理工作因素以及工作时的体力消耗。
结果
在基线时健康状况良好的工人中，吸烟、肥胖和低水平的 LTPA 是 11 年随访期间提前领取残疾抚恤金的危险因素。在健康状况不佳的工人中，只有低水平的体力活动是残疾抚恤金的一个危险因素。
结论
这强调了健康生活方式的重要性，特别是积极锻炼，对于预防女性医护人员过早退出劳动力市场至关重要。
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