Institute of Rural Revitalization Strategy, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 29;19(17):10729. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191710729.
Revealing the spatial-temporal pattern and convergence characteristics of urban land use efficiency has important guiding significance for adjusting and optimizing the regional urban land use structure. Taking the provincial units in China as the research object, the urban land use efficiency evaluation system considering the unexpected output was constructed, and the slack-based measure (SBA) model was used to quantitatively measure the provincial urban land use efficiency from 2000 to 2020. The exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) model and spatial convergence index were combined to reveal the spatial-temporal pattern and convergence characteristics of provincial urban land use efficiency. The results showed that the provincial urban land use efficiency has been continuously improving, with regional differences as shown in eastern region > northeast region > central region > western region. Moran's I of provincial urban land use efficiency was greater than 0, there was a positive spatial correlation, and the clustering feature became increasingly significant. The spatial form of LISA was characterized by "small agglomeration and large dispersion"; the H(High)-H(High) type was clustered in the Yangtze River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, while the L(Low)-L(Low) type was clustered in Xizang, Xinjiang and Qinghai. There was a σ convergence in provincial urban land use efficiency, and there was significant absolute β convergence and conditional β convergence of provincial urban land use efficiency. The results showed that the differences in provincial urban land use efficiency were shrinking, showing a "catch-up effect", and converging to their respective stable states over time. Based on the analysis of the spatial-temporal pattern and convergence characteristics of provincial urban land use efficiency in China, we could provide a direction for the optimization of the urban land use structure and efficiency improvement in China, in order to narrow the differences in urban land use efficiency in China's four major regions.
揭示城市土地利用效率的时空格局和收敛特征，对调整和优化区域城市土地利用结构具有重要指导意义。以中国省级单位为研究对象，构建了考虑非期望产出的城市土地利用效率评价体系，采用基于松弛的测度（SBA）模型定量测度了 2000—2020 年中国省级城市土地利用效率。结合探索性空间数据分析（ESDA）模型和空间收敛指数，揭示了省级城市土地利用效率的时空格局和收敛特征。结果表明：省级城市土地利用效率持续提高，区域差异表现为东部地区>东北地区>中部地区>西部地区；省级城市土地利用效率的 Moran's I 均大于 0，存在显著的正空间相关性，且集聚特征日益显著；LISA 空间形式表现为“小集聚、大分散”；H（高高）类型集聚在长三角和京津冀，而 L（低低）类型集聚在西藏、新疆和青海。省级城市土地利用效率存在 σ 收敛，且存在显著的绝对β收敛和条件β收敛。结果表明，省级城市土地利用效率的差异正在缩小，呈现出“追赶效应”，并随着时间的推移向各自的稳定状态收敛。基于中国省级城市土地利用效率的时空格局和收敛特征分析，可以为优化中国城市土地利用结构和提高土地利用效率提供方向，以缩小中国四大区域城市土地利用效率的差异。
