采用多维大学生人格问卷评估中国大一学生自杀意念的流行率和独特风险因素。
Assessing Prevalence and Unique Risk Factors of Suicidal Ideation among First-Year University Students in China Using a Unique Multidimensional University Personality Inventor.
机构信息
Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310009, China.
Mental Health Education & Counseling Center, Hangzhou Vocational and Technical College, Hangzhou 314423, China.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 30;19(17):10786. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191710786.
BACKGROUND
University students with suicidal ideation are at high risk of suicide, which constitutes a significant social and public health problem in China. However, little is known about the prevalence and associated risk factors of suicidal ideation among first-year university students in China, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the prevalence of suicidal ideation and its factors in first-year Chinese university students from a vocational college in Zhejiang during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
Using a cluster sampling technique, a university-wide survey was conducted of 686 first-year university students from Hangzhou in March 2020 using University Personality Inventory (UPI). UPI includes an assessment for suicidal ideation and possible risk factors. Suicidal ideation prevalence was calculated for males and females. Univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression models were conducted, adjusting for age and sex. Analyses were carried out using the SPSS version 22.0 software.
RESULTS
The prevalence of 12-month suicidal ideation among first-year university students during March 2020 was 5.2%, and there was no significant difference between males and females (4.8% vs. 6.0%, x2 = 0.28, = 0.597). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified social avoidance (B = 0.78, OR = 2.17, < 0.001) and emotional vulnerability (B = 0.71, OR = 2.02, < 0.001) as positively associated with suicidal ideation.
CONCLUSIONS
Social avoidance and emotional vulnerabilities are unique factors associated with greater suicidal ideation among first-year university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. UPI serves as a validated tool to screen suicide risks among Chinese university students. Encouraging social engagement and improving emotional regulation skills are promising targets to reduce suicidal ideation among first-year university students.
背景
有自杀意念的大学生自杀风险很高，这在中国是一个重大的社会和公共卫生问题。然而，目前尚不清楚在中国，尤其是在 COVID-19 大流行期间，大一学生自杀意念的流行率及其相关危险因素。
目的
调查 COVID-19 大流行期间浙江某职业院校大一学生自杀意念的流行率及其影响因素。
方法
采用整群抽样方法，于 2020 年 3 月对杭州市某大学的 686 名大一学生进行了大学生人格问卷（UPI）的大学范围调查。UPI 包括自杀意念评估和可能的危险因素。计算了男性和女性的自杀意念流行率。进行了单因素分析和多变量逻辑回归模型分析，调整了年龄和性别。使用 SPSS 版本 22.0 软件进行分析。
结果
2020 年 3 月，大一学生 12 个月自杀意念的流行率为 5.2%，男女性别之间无显著差异（4.8%比 6.0%，x2=0.28，=0.597）。多变量逻辑回归分析发现社交回避（B=0.78，OR=2.17，<0.001）和情绪脆弱（B=0.71，OR=2.02，<0.001）与自杀意念呈正相关。
结论
社交回避和情绪脆弱是 COVID-19 大流行期间与大一学生自杀意念较高相关的独特因素。UPI 是一种有效的工具，可以筛查中国大学生的自杀风险。鼓励社交参与和提高情绪调节技能是降低大一学生自杀意念的有前途的目标。
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