Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", 300040 Timisoara, Romania.
Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Goethestraße 70, 80336 München, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Sep 5;19(17):11102. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191711102.
The present study is part of the first national oral health survey for children in Romania. The aim of this study was to determine caries prevalence in correlation with the level of the parents' education, preventive behavior, and socioeconomic parameters in 11-14-year-old schoolchildren in Romania. A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was designed and conducted in 2019-2020. The sampled children were selected from 49 schools distributed in rural and urban areas of Romania, including its capital. Data were collected using the Oral Health Questionnaire for Children developed by the World Health Organization and described in the WHO Oral Health Surveys-Basic Methods, 5th edition, 2013, after positive informed consent. To express prevalence and severity of carious lesions, International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) criteria were recorded in school for 814 schoolchildren (388 boys and 426 girls) aged between 11 and 14 years old (mean age 12.29 ± 0.6). Elements regarding the specificity of the child (gender, age, and parental education) were tabulated against preventive behavior. The parents' education was correlated with three clinical indices in order to assess the existence or lack of certain significant differences among schoolchildren in Romania. In terms of correlation between the mother's education and preventive behavior, results showed a significant positive correlation in case of dental check-ups (r = 0.08 *, < 0.05), brushing (r = 0.02 **, < 0.01), and use of different types of dental hygiene aids (r = 0.06 **, < 0.01) and a negative correlation with tooth pain or discomfort (r = -0.01 **, < 0.01). A statistically significant positive relationship was highlighted between the mother's education and the presence of restorations (r = -0.09 **, < 0.01). Regarding the father's education, there was a positive relationship with oral hygiene behavior (r = 0.18 **, < 0.01) but a negative relationship with the DT index (r = -0.18 **, < 0.01). In conclusion, there was a strong correlation between the parents' education, preventive behavior, and oral health status of Romanian schoolchildren.
本研究是罗马尼亚首次全国儿童口腔健康调查的一部分。本研究旨在确定罗马尼亚 11-14 岁学龄儿童的龋齿患病率与父母教育水平、预防行为和社会经济参数之间的关系。采用横断面流行病学调查设计，于 2019-2020 年进行。从罗马尼亚农村和城市地区（包括首都）的 49 所学校中抽取了样本儿童。使用世界卫生组织（WHO）制定的儿童口腔健康问卷（OHQ）收集数据，并按照《世界卫生组织口腔健康调查基本方法》第 5 版（2013 年）进行了描述，在获得积极的知情同意后在学校记录。为了表达龋病病变的流行率和严重程度，采用国际龋病检测和评估系统（ICDAS）标准对 814 名 11-14 岁（平均年龄 12.29±0.6 岁）的学龄儿童进行了记录。针对儿童特异性（性别、年龄和父母教育）的元素，针对预防行为进行了制表。对父母的教育与三个临床指标进行了相关性分析，以评估罗马尼亚学龄儿童之间是否存在或缺乏某些显著差异。在母亲教育与预防行为的相关性方面，结果显示在牙齿检查（r=0.08*，<0.05）、刷牙（r=0.02**，<0.01）和使用不同类型的口腔卫生辅助工具（r=0.06**，<0.01）方面存在显著正相关，而在牙齿疼痛或不适（r=-0.01**，<0.01）方面存在负相关。母亲教育与修复体的存在之间存在统计学上显著的正相关（r=-0.09**，<0.01）。关于父亲的教育，与口腔卫生行为呈正相关（r=0.18**，<0.01），但与 DT 指数呈负相关（r=-0.18**，<0.01）。综上所述，罗马尼亚学龄儿童的父母教育、预防行为和口腔健康状况之间存在很强的相关性。
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