Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", 300040 Timisoara, Romania.
Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 17;18(12):6515. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18126515.
Oral health-related behaviors and living conditions play an important role in general and oral health. This study aimed to evaluate caries prevalence and severity in schoolchildren residing in rural and urban areas of Romania, and to correlate these with oral health-related behaviors. An estimation of the required sample size was conducted (sampling error of ±3% at a 95% confidence level), followed by the stratification of administrative units and then the selection of 49 schools. The Hurdle approach was used to analyze the dataset, requiring two sets of analyses for each outcome variable: a multilevel binary model to predict prevalence, and a multilevel Poisson analysis using only non-zero values. The mean and standard deviation (SD) for the dentinal caries index was 4.96 (5.33). Girls were more likely to have non-zero restoration codes (β = 0.14, SE = 0.08, < 0.05). Low education levels of each parent were associated with an increased likelihood of having non-zero carious tooth surfaces (β = 0.23, SE = 0.06, = 0.01; β = 0.22, SE = 0.06, < 0.01). The presence of cavities was predicted by the consumption of carbonated soft drinks (β = 0.19, SE = 0.07, < 0.01), candies (β = 0.13, SE = 0.06, < 0.01), sweetened milk (β = 0.12, SE = 0.06, < 0.05), tea (β = 0.16, SE = 0.08, < 0.05), or cocoa (β = 0.13, SE = 0.06, < 0.05). Furthermore, the non-zero values of the dentinal caries index were more likely in rural schools (β = -0.37, SE = 0.11, < 0.01), and a negative association between the county development index and the fillings/restorations index (β = -0.01, SE = 0.01, < 0.05) was also established. The outcome of this research highlights that the presence of caries (dentinal caries index) in Romanian schoolchildren is influenced by their socioeconomic background, as well as their specific consumption behaviors.
口腔健康相关行为和生活条件对一般和口腔健康起着重要作用。本研究旨在评估罗马尼亚农村和城市地区学童的龋齿患病率和严重程度，并将其与口腔健康相关行为相关联。进行了样本量估计（置信水平为 95%时采样误差为±3%），随后对行政单位进行分层，然后选择 49 所学校。使用障碍方法分析数据集，对于每个因变量需要进行两组分析：多水平二项模型预测患病率，以及仅使用非零值的多水平泊松分析。牙本质龋齿指数的平均值和标准差（SD）为 4.96（5.33）。女孩更有可能有非零修复代码（β=0.14，SE=0.08， < 0.05）。每位父母的低教育水平与非零龋齿表面的可能性增加相关（β=0.23，SE=0.06， = 0.01；β=0.22，SE=0.06， < 0.01）。碳酸软饮料（β=0.19，SE=0.07， < 0.01）、糖果（β=0.13，SE=0.06， < 0.01）、加糖牛奶（β=0.12，SE=0.06， < 0.05）、茶（β=0.16，SE=0.08， < 0.05）或可可（β=0.13，SE=0.06， < 0.05）的消费可预测龋齿的存在。此外，农村学校牙本质龋齿指数的非零值更有可能（β=-0.37，SE=0.11， < 0.01），并且县发展指数与填充/修复指数之间也存在负相关关系（β=-0.01，SE=0.01， < 0.05）。这项研究的结果表明，罗马尼亚学童的龋齿（牙本质龋齿指数）的存在受到其社会经济背景以及特定消费行为的影响。
