Song Dongmei, Hu Changgang, Gao Zijian, Yang Bo, Li Qingxia, Zhan Xinxing, Tong Xin, Tian Juan
School of Chemistry and Material Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China.
Key Laboratory for Functional Materials Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550001, China.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Aug 24;15(17):5837. doi: 10.3390/ma15175837.
It is necessary to develop new energy technologies because of serious environmental problems. As one of the most promising electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices, the Zn-air battery has attracted extensive research in recent years due to the advantages of abundant resources, low price, high energy density, and high reduction potential. However, the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) of Zn-air battery during discharge and charge have complicated multi-electron transfer processes with slow reaction kinetics. It is important to develop efficient and stable oxygen electrocatalysts. At present, single-function catalysts such as Pt/C, RuO, and IrO are regarded as the benchmark catalysts for ORR and OER, respectively. However, the large-scale application of Zn-air battery is limited by the few sources of the precious metal catalysts, as well as their high costs, and poor long-term stability. Therefore, designing bifunctional electrocatalysts with excellent activity and stability using resource-rich non-noble metals is the key to improving ORR/OER reaction kinetics and promoting the commercial application of the Zn-air battery. Metal-organic framework (MOF) is a kind of porous crystal material composed of metal ions/clusters connected by organic ligands, which has the characteristics of adjustable porosity, highly ordered pore structure, low crystal density, and large specific surface area. MOFs and their derivatives show remarkable performance in promoting oxygen reaction, and are a promising candidate material for oxygen electrocatalysts. Herein, this review summarizes the latest progress in advanced MOF-derived materials such as oxygen electrocatalysts in a Zn-air battery. Firstly, the composition and working principle of the Zn-air battery are introduced. Then, the related reaction mechanism of ORR/OER is briefly described. After that, the latest developments in ORR/OER electrocatalysts for Zn-air batteries are introduced in detail from two aspects: (i) non-precious metal catalysts (NPMC) derived from MOF materials, including single transition metals and bimetallic catalysts with Co, Fe, Mn, Cu, etc.; (ii) metal-free catalysts derived from MOF materials, including heteroatom-doped MOF materials and MOF/graphene oxide (GO) composite materials. At the end of the paper, we also put forward the challenges and prospects of designing bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts with high activity and stability derived from MOF materials for Zn-air battery.
由于严峻的环境问题，开发新能源技术很有必要。作为最具前景的电化学能量转换和存储装置之一，锌空气电池近年来因其资源丰富、价格低廉、能量密度高和还原电位高等优点而受到广泛研究。然而，锌空气电池在放电和充电过程中的氧还原反应（ORR）和析氧反应（OER）具有复杂的多电子转移过程，反应动力学缓慢。开发高效稳定的氧电催化剂很重要。目前，诸如Pt/C、RuO和IrO等单功能催化剂分别被视为ORR和OER的基准催化剂。然而，锌空气电池的大规模应用受到贵金属催化剂来源稀少、成本高以及长期稳定性差的限制。因此，使用资源丰富的非贵金属设计具有优异活性和稳定性的双功能电催化剂是改善ORR/OER反应动力学并推动锌空气电池商业应用的关键。金属有机框架（MOF）是一种由金属离子/簇通过有机配体连接而成的多孔晶体材料，具有孔隙率可调、孔结构高度有序、晶体密度低和比表面积大等特点。MOF及其衍生物在促进氧反应方面表现出卓越性能，是氧电催化剂很有前景的候选材料。在此，本综述总结了锌空气电池中氧电催化剂等先进MOF衍生材料的最新进展。首先，介绍了锌空气电池的组成和工作原理。然后，简要描述了ORR/OER的相关反应机理。之后，从两个方面详细介绍了锌空气电池ORR/OER电催化剂的最新进展：（i）MOF材料衍生的非贵金属催化剂（NPMC），包括单过渡金属以及含Co、Fe、Mn、Cu等的双金属催化剂；（ii）MOF材料衍生的无金属催化剂，包括杂原子掺杂的MOF材料和MOF/氧化石墨烯（GO）复合材料。在论文结尾，我们还提出了设计用于锌空气电池的具有高活性和稳定性的MOF材料衍生双功能氧电催化剂所面临的挑战和前景。
