Abramczyk Norbert, Drewing Sebastian, Panasiuk Katarzyna, Żuk Daria
Faculty of Marine Engineering, Gdynia Maritime University, 81225 Gdynia, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Aug 29;15(17):5957. doi: 10.3390/ma15175957.
Polymer composites are materials that are used in many industries. Their wide application has a direct impact on the amount of post-production and post-consumer waste. The global problem with recycling, especially of fiber-reinforced polymeric materials, has prompted research into methods of their use. Previous research on composite materials with polyester-glass recyclate showed a decrease in mechanical properties. The construction material should have the highest mechanical properties. Based on the literature, it was found that the use of nanoadditives may have a positive effect on the parameters of the materials. The use of gamma aluminum nanopowder, in a small amount can significantly increase the mechanical properties of composites with polyester-glass recyclate, and thus can affect the application of these materials to structural elements. The article is devoted to the research on the hardness of composite materials with polyester-glass recyclate and gamma aluminum nanopowder. The main goal is to investigate the possibility of using a nanoadditive as a material, increasing the mechanical properties of composites with polyester-glass recyclate, so as to create a recycled material with the highest possible strength parameters. Hardness tests were performed using the Barcol method. For each composite material, 30 measurements were made in order to subject the results to a statistical analysis. Using parametric statistical tests it was shown that the obtained hardness values at the assumed level of statistical significance = 0.05 for comparisons for the samples of the reference material (B0) do not differ by chance, while for the comparisons in the configurations of the reference material (B0) with the modified materials, (R10, A2, R10A2) they do not differ by accident. Studies have shown that the addition of 2% gamma aluminum nanopowder slightly lowers the hardness of a pure polyester-glass composite, but the same additive allows the hardness of composite materials to be increased with the addition of glass recyclate. This is of particular importance for the development of the optimal composition of polyester-glass composites with the addition of recyclate, which will have good strength properties and at the same time enable the reuse of composite waste.
聚合物复合材料是在许多行业中使用的材料。它们的广泛应用对生产后和消费后的废弃物数量有直接影响。回收利用的全球问题，尤其是纤维增强聚合物材料的回收问题，促使人们对其使用方法进行研究。先前对含有聚酯 - 玻璃回收物的复合材料的研究表明其机械性能有所下降。建筑材料应具有最高的机械性能。基于文献发现，使用纳米添加剂可能对材料参数产生积极影响。少量使用γ - 铝纳米粉末可显著提高含有聚酯 - 玻璃回收物的复合材料的机械性能，从而影响这些材料在结构元件中的应用。本文致力于研究含有聚酯 - 玻璃回收物和γ - 铝纳米粉末的复合材料的硬度。主要目标是研究使用纳米添加剂作为一种材料来提高含有聚酯 - 玻璃回收物的复合材料的机械性能的可能性，以便制造出具有尽可能高的强度参数的回收材料。使用巴氏硬度法进行硬度测试。对于每种复合材料，进行了30次测量，以便对结果进行统计分析。使用参数统计测试表明，在假定的统计显著性水平α = 0.05下，参考材料（B0）样品之间获得的硬度值并非偶然不同，而对于参考材料（B0）与改性材料（R10、A2、R10A2）的配置进行比较时，它们也并非偶然不同。研究表明，添加2%的γ - 铝纳米粉末会略微降低纯聚酯 - 玻璃复合材料的硬度，但相同的添加剂可使添加玻璃回收物的复合材料的硬度增加。这对于开发添加回收物的聚酯 - 玻璃复合材料的最佳组成尤为重要，这种复合材料将具有良好的强度性能，同时能够实现复合废料的再利用。
