Haliloğlu Kamil, Türkoğlu Aras, Balpınar Özge, Nadaroğlu Hayrunnisa, Alaylı Azize, Poczai Peter
Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Cankiri Karatekin University, Cankırı 18200, Turkey.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Aug 24;11(17):2193. doi: 10.3390/plants11172193.
Nanomaterials with unique and diverse physico-chemical properties are used in plant science since they improve plant growth and development and offer protection against biotic and abiotic stressors. Previous studies have explored the effects of such nanomaterials on different plant mechanisms, but information about the effects of nanomaterials on induced DNA methylation, genomic instability and LTR retrotransposon polymorphism in wheat is lacking. Therefore, the present study highlights the key role of nanoparticles in DNA methylation and polymorphism in wheat by investigating the effects of ZnO, CuO and γ-FeO nanoparticles (NPs) on mature embryo cultures of wheat ( L.). Nanoparticles were supplemented with Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium at normal (1X), double (2X) and triple (3X) concentrations. The findings revealed different responses to the polymorphism rate depending on the nanoparticle type and concentration. Genomic template stability (GTS) values were used to compare the changes encountered in iPBS profiles. ZnO, CuO and γ-FeO NPs increased the polymorphism rate and cytosine methylation compared to the positive control while reducing GTS values. Moreover, non-γ-FeO NPs treatments and 2X ZnO and CuO NP treatments yielded higher polymorphism percentages in both I- and II-digested CRED-iPBS assays and were thus classified as hypermethylation when the average polymorphism percentage for I digestion was considered. On the other hand, the 3X concentrations of all nanoparticles decreased and polymorphism percentages and were thus classified as hypomethylation. The findings revealed that MS medium supplemented with nanoparticles had epigenetic and genotoxic effects.
具有独特和多样物理化学性质的纳米材料被用于植物科学领域，因为它们能促进植物生长发育，并提供针对生物和非生物胁迫的保护。先前的研究已经探讨了此类纳米材料对不同植物机制的影响，但关于纳米材料对小麦诱导的DNA甲基化、基因组不稳定性和LTR反转录转座子多态性影响的信息尚缺。因此，本研究通过研究氧化锌、氧化铜和γ-氧化铁纳米颗粒（NPs）对小麦（L.）成熟胚培养物的影响，突出了纳米颗粒在小麦DNA甲基化和多态性中的关键作用。纳米颗粒以正常（1X）、双倍（2X）和三倍（3X）浓度添加到Murashige和Skoog（MS）基础培养基中。研究结果显示，根据纳米颗粒类型和浓度的不同，对多态性率有不同的反应。基因组模板稳定性（GTS）值用于比较iPBS图谱中出现的变化。与阳性对照相比，氧化锌、氧化铜和γ-氧化铁纳米颗粒增加了多态性率和胞嘧啶甲基化，同时降低了GTS值。此外，在I型和II型消化的CRED-iPBS分析中，非γ-氧化铁纳米颗粒处理以及2X氧化锌和氧化铜纳米颗粒处理产生了更高的多态性百分比，因此当考虑I型消化的平均多态性百分比时，被归类为高甲基化。另一方面，所有纳米颗粒的3X浓度降低了和多态性百分比，因此被归类为低甲基化。研究结果表明，添加纳米颗粒的MS培养基具有表观遗传和遗传毒性作用。
