Department of Family Medicine, Taipei City Hospital Yangming Branch, Taipei 111, Taiwan.
General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
Nutrients. 2022 Sep 2;14(17):3626. doi: 10.3390/nu14173626.
Different types of high schools in Taiwan have the same physical education curriculum. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the difference in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome between senior and vocational high school students. We retrospectively collected health check-up data from 81,076 first-year senior and 68,863 vocational high school students in Taipei City from 2011 to 2014, including their blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and HDL-c levels. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was determined using definitions from the Taiwan Pediatric Association (TPA), International Diabetes Federation (IDF), and de Ferranti et al. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 1.73% (senior and vocational high school students: 1.22% and 2.33%, respectively) using TPA criteria, 1.02% (0.69% and 1.40%, respectively) using IDF criteria, and 5.11% (3.92% and 6.51%, respectively) using de Ferranti et al. criteria. The most prevalent risk factors overall were increased blood pressure and central obesity. Given the significantly higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in vocational school students regardless of the criteria, and that metabolic syndrome causes future adult health risks, the physical education curriculum and health education program in vocational schools should be strengthened to decrease the risk and prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
台湾不同类型的高中都有相同的体育课课程。在这项横断面研究中，我们调查了高中生和职业高中生代谢综合征患病率的差异。我们回顾性地收集了 2011 年至 2014 年台北市 81076 名一年级高中生和 68863 名职业高中生的健康检查数据，包括他们的血压、身高、体重、腰围、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平。使用台湾儿科协会（TPA）、国际糖尿病联合会（IDF）和 de Ferranti 等人的定义来确定代谢综合征的患病率。根据 TPA 标准，代谢综合征的患病率为 1.73%（高中生和职业高中生分别为 1.22%和 2.33%），根据 IDF 标准为 1.02%（0.69%和 1.40%），根据 de Ferranti 等人的标准为 5.11%（3.92%和 6.51%）。总体而言，最常见的风险因素是血压升高和中心性肥胖。鉴于职业学校学生无论采用何种标准，代谢综合征的患病率都明显更高，而且代谢综合征会导致未来的成人健康风险，因此应加强职业学校的体育课课程和健康教育计划，以降低代谢综合征的风险和患病率。
