Miryuk Olga, Fediuk Roman, Amran Mugahed
Department of Construction and Building Materials Science, Rudny Industrial Institute, Rudny 111500, Kazakhstan.
Polytechnical Institute, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Aug 24;14(17):3461. doi: 10.3390/polym14173461.
The modern energy-saving vector of development in building materials science is being implemented in a complex way through the development of new heat-insulating materials with the simultaneous exclusion of low-ecological cement from them. This article presents the results of the development of resource-saving technology for a heat-insulating composite material. The research is devoted to the development of scientific ideas about the technology and properties of effective cementless lightweight concretes. The aim of the work is to create a heat-insulating composite material based on porous granules and a matrix from mixtures of liquid glass and thermal energy waste. The novelty of the work lies in establishing the patterns of formation of a stable structure of a porous material during thermal curing of liquid glass with technogenic fillers. Studies of liquid glass mixtures with different contents of fly ash and aluminosilicate microspheres revealed the possibility of controlling the properties of molding masses in a wide range. To obtain a granular material, liquid glass mixtures of plastic consistency with a predominance of aluminosilicate microspheres are proposed. The matrix of composite materials is formed by a mobile mixture of liquid glass and a combined filler, in which fly ash predominates. The parameters of heat treatment of granular and composite materials are established to ensure the formation of a strong porous waterproof structure. The possibility of regulating the structure of composite materials due to different degrees of filling the liquid glass matrix with porous granules is shown. A heat-insulating concrete based on porous aggregate has been developed, characterized by the genetic commonality of the matrix and the granular component, density of 380-650 kg/m, thermal conductivity of 0.095-0.100 W/(m °C) and strength of 3.5-9.0 MPa, resistance under conditions of variable values of humidity and temperature. A basic technological scheme for the joint production of granular and composite materials from liquid glass mixtures is proposed.
建筑材料科学中现代节能发展方向正在通过开发新型隔热材料并同时摒弃低生态水泥来复杂地实现。本文介绍了一种隔热复合材料的资源节约型技术开发成果。该研究致力于发展关于有效无水泥轻质混凝土技术和性能的科学理念。这项工作的目的是基于多孔颗粒以及由液态玻璃和热能废料混合物制成的基体来制造一种隔热复合材料。这项工作的新颖之处在于确定了在液态玻璃与工业填料热养护过程中多孔材料稳定结构的形成规律。对含有不同含量粉煤灰和硅铝酸盐微球的液态玻璃混合物的研究揭示了在很宽范围内控制成型物料性能的可能性。为了获得粒状材料，提出了以硅铝酸盐微球为主的塑性稠度液态玻璃混合物。复合材料的基体由液态玻璃和以粉煤灰为主的复合填料的流动混合物形成。确定了粒状材料和复合材料的热处理参数，以确保形成坚固的多孔防水结构。展示了由于用多孔颗粒填充液态玻璃基体的程度不同而调节复合材料结构的可能性。已开发出一种基于多孔集料的隔热混凝土，其特点是基体和粒状组分具有成因共性，密度为380 - 650 kg/m³，导热系数为0.095 - 0.100 W/(m·°C)，强度为3.5 - 9.0 MPa，在湿度和温度变化条件下具有抗性。提出了一种由液态玻璃混合物联合生产粒状材料和复合材料的基本工艺方案。
