Radko Tomasz, Wajda Agata, Iluk Tomasz, Najser Jan
Institute of Energy and Fuel Processing Technology, Zamkowa 1, 41-803 Zabrze, Poland.
Institute of Clean Technologies for Extraction and Utilization of Energy Resources, Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Jul 12;17(14):3459. doi: 10.3390/ma17143459.
Fly ash microspheres, also called cenospheres, have many valuable properties that allow them to be widely used. Some of its most important properties are its mechanical and thermal strength as well as its chemical stability. These features constitute an important commercial parameter. Refining processes aim to select the highest quality product from raw materials that meets the expectations of recipients. Generally, preparing a final product involves selecting the appropriate sequence and parameters of the grain separation process. However, the key to the optimal selection of these parameters is knowledge of the specificity of the processed raw material. Microspheres are materials that are created spontaneously, uncontrolled, and without the possibility of intentionally influencing their properties. Therefore, due to the potential directions of microsphere use, it is justified to study the relationship between density, grain size, and mechanical strength. Understanding these relationships in microspheres from various sources is particularly important at the stage of planning refining processes. This paper presents the results of research on microspheres from two different sources. The tested raw materials (microspheres) are subjected to densiometric and grain analysis. Also, mechanical strength was determined for the separated density fractions and grain classes. The test results did not show significant correlations between the tested features of the microspheres. In the case of both raw materials, the highest density was observed in the smallest grain classes, and the highest mechanical strength was determined for microspheres with grain sizes in the range of 75-100 µm. For this grain size range, the value of mechanical strength is 26 for raw Material 1 and 38 for raw Material 2. The shares of this grain fraction in the microsphere stream are 11.2% and 16%, respectively. An important difference that may significantly affect the efficiency of the refining process is the method of distribution of the primary falling parts, which affects the mechanical strength of the tested raw materials.
粉煤灰微球，也称为空心微珠，具有许多宝贵特性，使其得以广泛应用。其一些最重要的特性包括机械强度、热强度以及化学稳定性。这些特性构成了一个重要的商业参数。精炼工艺旨在从符合接收方期望的原材料中挑选出质量最高的产品。一般来说，制备最终产品涉及选择合适的粒度分离工艺顺序和参数。然而，这些参数优化选择的关键在于了解所加工原材料的特性。微球是自然形成、不受控制且无法有意影响其特性的材料。因此，鉴于微球的潜在应用方向，研究密度、粒度和机械强度之间的关系是合理的。在规划精炼工艺阶段，了解来自不同来源的微球中的这些关系尤为重要。本文展示了对来自两种不同来源的微球的研究结果。对测试的原材料（微球）进行了密度测定和粒度分析。此外，还测定了分离出的密度级分和粒度级别的机械强度。测试结果并未显示微球的测试特性之间存在显著相关性。对于两种原材料而言，最小粒度级别的密度最高，粒度在75 - 100 µm范围内的微球机械强度最高。对于该粒度范围，原材料1的机械强度值为26，原材料2为38。该粒度级分在微球流中的占比分别为11.2%和16%。一个可能显著影响精炼工艺效率的重要差异在于初次下落部分的分布方式，这会影响测试原材料的机械强度。
