Wang Chunli, Gao Dongxing, Liang Likai, Wang Yanling
School of Mechanical, Electrical and Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Aug 24;22(17):6353. doi: 10.3390/s22176353.
Four novel substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) antennas are proposed, in order to obtain K-band beam scanning through the coplanar meta-surfaces of properly devised complementary split-ring resonators. More specifically, coplanar rhombus- and hexagon-shaped meta-surfaces replace the metallized via holes in the traditional SIW structure, achieving low reflection and wide bandwidth, respectively. Another trapezoid-shaped meta-surface is introduced, in order to realize good leaky-wave radiation performance with high-gain beam scanning in both rhombus- and hexagon-shaped SIW components. These designs are further extended to two different mixed types of two-row meta-surfaces, with the rhombus and hexagon structures combined in different orders to enhance the complex SIW transmission lines and antennas, which can simultaneously obtain good reflection and bandwidth with different priority, depending on the arrangement. We explain the performance differences with rhombus and hexagon meta-surfaces through the analysis of relevant equivalent circuit models and extracting the effective medium parameters, and we verify the bandwidths and radiations of four SIW antennas both numerically and experimentally. The maximum gains of the four antennas are 18.1 dBi, 17.0 dBi, 18.8 dBi and 17.1 dBi, where the corresponding relative bandwidths are 10.74%, 19.42%, 14.13% and 18.38%. The maximum simulated radiation efficiency and aperture efficiency of the proposed antennas are 91.20% and 61.12%, respectively. Our approach for generating flexible and selectable tuned electromagnetic fields from SIWs is applicable for the development of mm-Wave antennas or sensors on PCB-integrated platforms for highly directive scanning radiation.
提出了四种新型基片集成波导（SIW）天线，以便通过适当设计的互补分裂环谐振器的共面超表面实现K波段波束扫描。更具体地说，共面菱形和六边形超表面取代了传统SIW结构中的金属化过孔，分别实现了低反射和宽带宽。引入了另一种梯形超表面，以在菱形和六边形SIW组件中实现具有高增益波束扫描的良好漏波辐射性能。这些设计进一步扩展到两种不同类型的两行超表面混合类型，菱形和六边形结构以不同顺序组合，以增强复杂的SIW传输线和天线，根据排列方式，可以不同优先级同时获得良好的反射和带宽。我们通过分析相关等效电路模型并提取有效介质参数来解释菱形和六边形超表面的性能差异，并通过数值和实验验证了四种SIW天线的带宽和辐射。这四个天线的最大增益分别为18.1 dBi、17.0 dBi、18.8 dBi和17.1 dBi，相应的相对带宽分别为10.74%、19.42%、14.13%和18.38%。所提出天线的最大模拟辐射效率和孔径效率分别为91.20%和61.12%。我们从SIW生成灵活且可选择的调谐电磁场的方法适用于在PCB集成平台上开发用于高定向扫描辐射的毫米波天线或传感器。
