Hou Shunhu, Fang Shengliang, Wang Yangyang, Wang Mengtao, Wang Yuxin, Tian Jinlong, Feng Junhao
Graduate School, Space Engineering University, Beijing, 101416, China.
School of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing, 101416, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Feb 16;14(1):3937. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-54688-4.
Fixed frequency beam-scanning leaky-wave antennas have been a focus of attention for many scholars in recent years, and numerous related results have been obtained. However, these antennas suffer from several issues such as small beam-scanning range, low gain, and unsatisfactory impedance matching. To address these problems, this paper proposes a microstrip line (ML) antenna unit based on liquid crystal (LC) materials etched Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR). In a first-of-its-kind approach, the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) structure and the ML transmission structure are combined to present the SIW-ML transmission structure. The antenna operates in the Ka-band with excellent resonance characteristics at 34.7 GHz, and the S11 parameters are below - 13 dB in the frequency range of 30-40 GHz, indicating outstanding impedance matching. By arranging 56 antenna units, a periodic leaky-wave antenna is created, enabling fixed-frequency beam-scanning at 34.7 GHz. Experimental results show that the antenna can achieve scanning of angles between - 53° and + 60° with a gain of up to 12.63 dB. Once single-beam scanning is achieved, a method combining LC and discrete amplitude weighting technique, as well as multi-beam theory, is proposed for multi-beam study. Experimental results reveal that the designed 56-unit beam-scanning antenna can effectively realize beam scanning in two directions.
近年来，固定频率波束扫描漏波天线一直是众多学者关注的焦点，并已取得了许多相关成果。然而，这些天线存在一些问题，如波束扫描范围小、增益低以及阻抗匹配不理想等。为了解决这些问题，本文提出了一种基于蚀刻有液晶（LC）材料的互补分裂环谐振器（CSRR）的微带线（ML）天线单元。采用了一种首创的方法，将基片集成波导（SIW）结构与ML传输结构相结合，形成了SIW-ML传输结构。该天线在Ka波段工作，在34.7GHz处具有优异的谐振特性，在30-40GHz频率范围内S11参数低于-13dB，表明具有出色的阻抗匹配。通过排列56个天线单元，创建了一个周期性漏波天线，能够在34.7GHz实现固定频率波束扫描。实验结果表明，该天线可以实现-53°至+60°之间的角度扫描，增益高达12.63dB。在实现单波束扫描后，提出了一种结合LC和离散幅度加权技术以及多波束理论的方法用于多波束研究。实验结果表明，所设计的56单元波束扫描天线能够有效地实现两个方向的波束扫描。
