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基于汽车物联网以太网的通信技术通过多协议网关应用于车对万物（V2X）场景。

Automotive IoT Ethernet-Based Communication Technologies Applied in a V2X Context via a Multi-Protocol Gateway.

作者信息

Ioana Alexandru, Korodi Adrian, Silea Ioan

机构信息

Department of Automation and Applied Informatics, Faculty of Automation and Computers, University Politehnica Timișoara, 300223 Timisoara, Romania.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2022 Aug 24;22(17):6382. doi: 10.3390/s22176382.

DOI:10.3390/s22176382
PMID:36080838
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9460104/
Abstract

The architectural approach for complex communication systems must adapt quickly and take into consideration the increasing set of requirements for every industrial field. The automotive domain is evolving toward the electrification era, with massive technological transformations being realized on all architectural, hardware, and software levels. The legacy usage of exclusively microcontrollers is altered by adopting microprocessors with extended functionalities, reshaping the development structure. Although new hardware capabilities are available and Ethernet communication protocols can contribute to a new range of use-cases for intra-car or for vehicle-to-X (V2X) communication, the implications of using multiple protocols that cover different types of requirements, in the same architecture, are not fully determined. The importance of establishing clear expectations for intelligent communication systems considering various technological and architectural factors is significant for future improvements. In the current paper, we examine the compatibility and real-time responsiveness capabilities, in a diverse, service-oriented architecture, for the major automotive IoT Ethernet-based communication technologies. The feasibility analysis is materialized in a multi-protocol gateway solution that facilitates data exchange between entities with different technological origins. Scalable Service-Oriented Middleware over IP (SOME/IP) is considered the relevant protocol in the automotive domain, alongside the Data Distribution Service (DDS), which combines automotive and IoT applicability. The enhanced Communication Abstraction Layer (eCAL) middleware is added to the mix as an alternative solution for future communication scenarios. The obtained results confirm the compatibility between the targeted technologies, offering a clear understanding regarding the limits of a complex multi-protocol communication system. The defined service-oriented architecture offers efficient data exchanges in a gateway context, also allowing the exploration of the real-time capabilities.

摘要

复杂通信系统的架构方法必须迅速适应，并考虑到每个工业领域日益增长的需求。汽车领域正在向电气化时代发展，在所有架构、硬件和软件层面都在实现大规模的技术变革。通过采用具有扩展功能的微处理器，改变了仅使用微控制器的传统做法，重塑了开发结构。尽管有了新的硬件能力，并且以太网通信协议可以为车内或车对X（V2X）通信带来一系列新的用例，但在同一架构中使用涵盖不同类型需求的多种协议的影响尚未完全确定。考虑到各种技术和架构因素，为智能通信系统建立明确预期的重要性对于未来的改进至关重要。在本文中，我们研究了在多样化的、面向服务的架构中，主要的基于物联网以太网的汽车通信技术的兼容性和实时响应能力。可行性分析体现在一个多协议网关解决方案中，该方案便于具有不同技术来源的实体之间的数据交换。基于IP的可扩展面向服务中间件（SOME/IP）被认为是汽车领域的相关协议，同时还有结合了汽车和物联网适用性的数据分发服务（DDS）。增强型通信抽象层（eCAL）中间件也被加入进来，作为未来通信场景的替代解决方案。所获得的结果证实了目标技术之间的兼容性，清楚地了解了复杂多协议通信系统的局限性。所定义的面向服务架构在网关环境中提供了高效的数据交换，同时也允许探索实时能力。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6cdc/9460104/4f47a515c59a/sensors-22-06382-g010.jpg
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