Dos Santos Renato César, Habib Ayman F, Galo Mauricio
Department of Cartography, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo 19060-900, Brazil.
Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2050, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Aug 26;22(17):6440. doi: 10.3390/s22176440.
Building occlusions usually decreases the accuracy of boundary regularization. Thus, it is essential that modeling methods address this problem, aiming to minimize its effects. In this context, we propose a weighted iterative changeable degree spline (WICDS) approach. The idea is to use a weight function for initial building boundary points, assigning a lower weight to the points in the occlusion region. As a contribution, the proposed method allows the minimization of errors caused by the occlusions, resulting in a more accurate contour modeling. The conducted experiments are performed using both simulated and real data. In general, the results indicate the potential of the WICDS approach to model a building boundary with occlusions, including curved boundary segments. In terms of and , the proposed approach presents values around 99% and 0.19 m, respectively. Compared with the previous iterative changeable degree spline (ICDS), the WICDS resulted in an improvement of around 6.5% for completeness, 4% for , and 0.24 m for the metric.
建筑物遮挡通常会降低边界正则化的准确性。因此，建模方法必须解决这个问题，旨在将其影响降至最低。在此背景下，我们提出一种加权迭代可变度样条（WICDS）方法。其思路是对建筑物初始边界点使用权重函数，为遮挡区域内的点赋予较低权重。作为一项贡献，所提出的方法能够将遮挡引起的误差最小化，从而实现更精确的轮廓建模。所进行的实验使用了模拟数据和真实数据。总体而言，结果表明WICDS方法在对有遮挡的建筑物边界（包括弯曲边界段）进行建模方面具有潜力。在完整性和[此处原文缺失一个指标名称]方面，所提出的方法分别呈现出约99%和0.19米的值。与先前的迭代可变度样条（ICDS）相比，WICDS在完整性方面提高了约6.5%，在[此处原文缺失一个指标名称]方面提高了4%，在[此处原文缺失一个指标名称]指标上提高了0.24米。
