Clinton Olong, Micheal Kanyesigye, Namyalo Angella Kimuli, Mary Muhawenimana, Mike Mugume, Muwanguzi Enoch, Okongo Benson, Wagubi Robert
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara City, Uganda.
Department of Clinical Laboratories, Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Mbarara City, Uganda.
J Blood Med. 2022 Sep 2;13:473-481. doi: 10.2147/JBM.S367453. eCollection 2022.
The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of anaemia, morphological classification and its associated risk factors among the lactating mothers accessing postnatal care at Mbarara City Health Centre IV, Southwestern Uganda.
A cross-sectional study was conducted at Mbarara City Health Centre IV among 264 participants. A structured questionnaire was used to capture characteristics of study participants. 4 mL of venous blood was collected from each participant for complete blood count (CBC) and peripheral blood smear (PBS). CBC was done using hematology analyzer (BC-2800 Mindray Hematology Analyzer) while PBS were taken for participants with hemoglobin (Hb) <12.0g/dl and stained using Giemsa-Maygrunwald stain. Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine the associations between factors and anaemia. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.
The overall prevalence of anaemia was 65 (24.6%), with mean hemoglobin (Hb) concentration of 12.5g/dL. Out of the anaemic participants (24.6%), morphological classifications of anaemia were as follows: normocytic normochromic 27 (41.5%), microcytic hypochromic 20 (30.8%), normocytic hypochromic 16 (24.1%) and macrocytic normochromic 2 (3.1%). According to the severity of anaemia, majority had mild anaemia 52 (80%), moderate anaemia was 11 (16.9%), and severe anaemia was 2 (3.1%). The following risk factors were significantly associated with anaemia: duration of lactation (between 5 to 8 months, p-value 0.017, 95% CI (0.12-0.82) and alcohol consumption (p-value 0.032, 95% CI (1.12-12.16). The rest of the variables had no association with anaemia.
The prevalence of anaemia among lactating mothers is high and it is a moderate public health problem as defined by WHO. Nutrition promotion, and health education, may be the ideal way to reduce the prevalence of anaemia in this region.
本研究的目的是确定乌干达西南部姆巴拉拉市第四卫生中心接受产后护理的哺乳期母亲中贫血的患病率、形态学分类及其相关危险因素。
在姆巴拉拉市第四卫生中心对264名参与者进行了一项横断面研究。使用结构化问卷收集研究参与者的特征。从每位参与者采集4毫升静脉血进行全血细胞计数（CBC）和外周血涂片（PBS）检查。使用血液分析仪（迈瑞BC-2800血液分析仪）进行全血细胞计数，而对血红蛋白（Hb）<12.0g/dl的参与者进行外周血涂片检查，并使用吉姆萨-迈格伦瓦尔德染色法进行染色。采用双变量分析和多变量逻辑回归来确定因素与贫血之间的关联。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
贫血的总体患病率为65例（24.6%），平均血红蛋白（Hb）浓度为12.5g/dL。在贫血参与者中（24.6%），贫血的形态学分类如下：正细胞正色素性27例（41.5%），小细胞低色素性20例（30.8%），正细胞低色素性16例（24.1%），大细胞正色素性2例（3.1%）。根据贫血的严重程度，大多数为轻度贫血52例（80%），中度贫血11例（16.9%），重度贫血2例（3.1%）。以下危险因素与贫血显著相关：哺乳期（5至8个月之间，p值0.017，95%CI（0.12 - 0.82））和饮酒（p值0.032，95%CI（1.12 - 12.16））。其余变量与贫血无关联。
哺乳期母亲中贫血的患病率较高，按照世界卫生组织的定义，这是一个中度的公共卫生问题。营养促进和健康教育可能是降低该地区贫血患病率的理想方式。
