Vrech Massimiliano, Ferruzzi Alessandro, Pietrobelli Angelo
Department of Surgical Science, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Unit, Verona University Medical School, Verona, Italy.
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, Los Angeles, USA.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2022 Nov 1;25(6):430-435. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000873. Epub 2022 Sep 8.
Cardiovascular damage could begin early in life. Our aim was to examine the current state of the art related to micronutrient supplementation on vascular health in obese and overweight children. We considered only the studies performed over the past few years.
Vitamin D supplementation in the obese pediatric population with vitamin D deficiency could improve the vascular health of these subjects. The evidence is less clear on supplementation with other micronutrients. Zinc supplementation is currently the most supported by the literature.
As of today, we can only speculate that supplementation with other micronutrients could improve the vascular health of obese and overweight children. Strong limitations are the different instrumental methods used to assess vascular health in obese children and adolescents under micronutrients supplementation. Actually, indirect indicators more reliable to evaluate vascular health seem to be lipid profile and insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, there is a particular lack of studies in this area in recent years, especially in the pediatric population. Additional studies performed in this population should be pursued to clarify significant relationships between micronutrients and vascular health.
心血管损伤可能在生命早期就开始了。我们的目的是研究与肥胖和超重儿童补充微量营养素对血管健康的影响相关的当前技术水平。我们仅考虑过去几年进行的研究。
对维生素D缺乏的肥胖儿童补充维生素D可以改善这些受试者的血管健康。补充其他微量营养素的证据尚不太明确。锌补充目前在文献中得到的支持最多。
截至目前，我们只能推测补充其他微量营养素可能改善肥胖和超重儿童的血管健康。在补充微量营养素的肥胖儿童和青少年中，用于评估血管健康的不同检测方法存在很大局限性。实际上，评估血管健康更可靠的间接指标似乎是血脂谱和胰岛素敏感性。此外，近年来该领域尤其缺乏针对儿童人群的研究。应在该人群中开展更多研究，以阐明微量营养素与血管健康之间的重要关系。
