Departamento de Enfermagem Básica, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Departamento de Clínica Médica, Escola de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2022 Sep 9;17(9):e0274254. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274254. eCollection 2022.
To identify the prevalence of people with leg ulcers resulting from sickle cell disease, as well as to describe the clinical, social, economic, and demographic conditions of these people.
Descriptive study, carried out at the Minas Gerais Hematology and Hemotherapy Center Foundation. The study population consisted of individuals over the age of 18 with a diagnosis of sickle cell disease in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data collection was performed from August 2019 to April 2020 through interviews. For the prevalence calculation, a census was taken of 5,379 people over the age of 18 with sickle cell disease, 77 of whom had active leg ulcers. Descriptive data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 20.0, Chicago, IL, USA).
The prevalence of people with leg ulcers in Minas Gerais, Brazil was 1.4%. Of the 72 respondents, the average age was 39 years (range 18-64 years), 41.7% were single, 48.6% said they were black, 84.7% lived in their own house, 38.9% were retired, 61.1% had an income of one minimum wage. The median years of education was 10.5, 50% cited the church as a place for leisure activities, 79.2% denied smoking. Regarding pain, the median score was 3, the median baseline hemoglobin was 7.7 g/dL, and 91.7% had the HbSS genotype. The median age of the first ulcer was 18 years, 77.8% of active ulcers were recurrent, and 59.7% had only one active ulcer. The median time of existence of the ulcer was 3 years. The ulcer prevented 80.6% of people from doing some activity. Prejudice was experienced by 48.6% of the participants.
The estimated prevalence of leg ulcers was lower than what it reported in the literature, however, the recurrence and the duration of ulcers were high. These findings bring reflection about the assistance to people with leg ulcer.
确定镰状细胞病所致腿部溃疡患者的患病率，并描述这些患者的临床、社会、经济和人口统计学状况。
描述性研究，在巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州血液学和血液学治疗中心基金会进行。研究人群由年龄在 18 岁以上、在巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州诊断为镰状细胞病的个体组成。数据收集于 2019 年 8 月至 2020 年 4 月通过访谈进行。为了计算患病率，对年龄在 18 岁以上的 5379 名镰状细胞病患者进行了普查，其中 77 名患者患有活动性腿部溃疡。使用 SPSS 软件（版本 20.0，芝加哥，IL，美国）进行描述性数据分析。
巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州腿部溃疡患者的患病率为 1.4%。在 72 名受访者中，平均年龄为 39 岁（范围 18-64 岁），41.7%为单身，48.6%为黑人，84.7%居住在自己的房屋中，38.9%退休，61.1%的人收入为一个最低工资。中位数受教育年限为 10.5 年，50%的人将教堂作为休闲活动的场所，79.2%的人否认吸烟。关于疼痛，中位数评分为 3 分，基线血红蛋白中位数为 7.7 g/dL，91.7%的人基因型为 HbSS。首次溃疡的中位年龄为 18 岁，77.8%的活动性溃疡为复发性溃疡，59.7%的人只有一个活动性溃疡。溃疡存在的中位时间为 3 年。溃疡使 80.6%的人无法进行某些活动。48.6%的参与者经历过偏见。
腿部溃疡的估计患病率低于文献报道，但溃疡的复发率和持续时间较高。这些发现引发了对腿部溃疡患者的辅助治疗的思考。
