Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
J Dent. 2022 Nov;126:104281. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104281. Epub 2022 Sep 6.
To evaluate the impact of community and individual social capital during early childhood on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) over a 10-year follow-up period.
A prospective cohort study was conducted in the southern Brazil. Baseline (T1) data collection occurred in 2010 with preschool children aged 1-5 years. Participants were assessed in 2012 (T2), 2017 (T3), and 2020 (T4). OHRQoL was assessed using the B-ECOHIS at T1 and T2 and through CPQ8-10 at T3 and CPQ11-14 at T4. Community social capital was evaluated through the presence of formal institutions in the neighbourhood and individual social capital by social networks, both at T1. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics were also evaluated. Multilevel Poisson regression analysis was performed to estimate the impact of social capital measures on OHRQoL.
Of the 639 children assessed at T1, 469 were followed at T2 (73.3% response rate), 449 at T3 (70.3% response rate), and 429 at T4 (67.1% response rate). Individuals living in neighbourhoods with the presence of social class associations at T1 had higher OHRQoL at T3 and T4. Individuals whose families visit friends and neighbours less than once a month or never at T1 had lower OHRQoL at T1, T3 and T4. Attending religious meetings less than once a month or never at T1 was associated with lower OHRQoL at T2 and T4.
Social capital at the community level had a long-term effect on OHRQoL, especially during adolescence, while individual social capital levels impacted OHRQoL across the assessments.
The findings indicate that psychosocial variables can impact OHRQoL, a fundamental aspect of clinical practice.
评估儿童早期社区和个体社会资本对口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）的影响，随访时间为 10 年。
本研究为前瞻性队列研究，在巴西南部进行。基线（T1）数据收集于 2010 年，研究对象为 1-5 岁的学龄前儿童。参与者分别于 2012 年（T2）、2017 年（T3）和 2020 年（T4）进行评估。在 T1 和 T2 时使用 B-ECOHIS 评估 OHRQoL，在 T3 和 T4 时使用 CPQ8-10 和 CPQ11-14 评估 OHRQoL。社区社会资本通过邻里正规机构的存在进行评估，个体社会资本通过社会网络在 T1 时进行评估。同时还评估了人口统计学和社会经济特征。采用多水平泊松回归分析评估社会资本措施对 OHRQoL 的影响。
在 T1 时评估的 639 名儿童中，469 名在 T2（73.3%的应答率）时进行了随访，449 名在 T3（70.3%的应答率）时进行了随访，429 名在 T4（67.1%的应答率）时进行了随访。T1 时居住在有社会阶层协会的邻里的个体在 T3 和 T4 时 OHRQoL 更高。T1 时每月拜访朋友和邻居少于一次或从不拜访的家庭，在 T1、T3 和 T4 时 OHRQoL 更低。T1 时每月参加宗教聚会少于一次或从不参加的个体，在 T2 和 T4 时 OHRQoL 更低。
社区层面的社会资本对 OHRQoL 具有长期影响，尤其是在青春期，而个体社会资本水平则对整个评估期间的 OHRQoL 产生影响。
研究结果表明，社会心理变量会影响 OHRQoL，这是临床实践的一个基本方面。
