Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Integrated Regional University of Alto Uruguai and Missões (URI), Erechim, Brazil.
Qual Life Res. 2019 Jul;28(7):1773-1782. doi: 10.1007/s11136-019-02138-4. Epub 2019 Apr 8.
Social capital incorporates both contextual and individual levels of interactions and influences health. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of neighborhood and individual social capital on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children.
This 7-year cohort study was conducted with 639 children (1-5 years) who had been evaluated initially with a survey administered in 2010. OHRQoL was assessed using the Brazilian version of the Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ8-10) in the follow-up. Contextual variables related to social capital were collected during the baseline and included the presence of social class associations, workers' associations, and cultural community centers. Individual variables included individual social networks, socioeconomic variables, and oral health measures (dental caries and overjet). A multilevel Poisson regression model was used to investigate the influence of individual and contextual characteristics on OHRQoL. With this approach, we calculated incidence rate ratio (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
From the 639 preschoolers examined at baseline, a total of 449 children were re-evaluated after 7 years (70.3% response rate). Children who lived in areas with social class associations at baseline reported better OHRQoL in the follow-up (IRR 0.79; 95% CI 0.67-0.93). Regarding individual variables, low socioeconomic status, poor clinical conditions, and weak social networks were also associated with higher overall CPQ8-10 scores.
High levels of individual and neighborhood social capital in early childhood positively influenced children's OHRQoL. This finding is important in planning public health policies to improve children's health and well-being.
社会资本包含了交互作用和影响健康的情境和个体层面。本研究旨在评估邻里和个体社会资本对儿童口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）的影响。
这是一项为期 7 年的队列研究，共纳入了 639 名（1-5 岁）儿童，这些儿童最初于 2010 年接受了一项调查评估。在随访中使用巴西版儿童感知问卷（CPQ8-10）评估 OHRQoL。在基线期间收集了与社会资本相关的情境变量，包括社会阶层协会、工人协会和文化社区中心的存在情况。个体变量包括个体社交网络、社会经济变量和口腔健康指标（龋齿和覆盖）。采用多水平泊松回归模型来研究个体和情境特征对 OHRQoL 的影响。通过这种方法，我们计算了发病率比（IRR）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）。
在基线时接受检查的 639 名学龄前儿童中，共有 449 名儿童在 7 年后（70.3%的应答率）再次接受评估。与基线时居住在有社会阶层协会地区的儿童相比，在随访中报告 OHRQoL 更好的儿童（IRR 0.79；95%CI 0.67-0.93）。就个体变量而言，低社会经济地位、较差的临床状况和薄弱的社交网络也与 CPQ8-10 总分较高相关。
儿童早期高水平的个体和邻里社会资本对儿童的 OHRQoL 有积极影响。这一发现对于制定改善儿童健康和福祉的公共卫生政策非常重要。
