Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China; Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China.
Sleep Med Rev. 2022 Oct;65:101663. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101663. Epub 2022 Aug 20.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an established risk factor for high blood pressure (BP) in adults. However, it remains unclear whether the same association could be found in children and adolescents. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to evaluate the associations between childhood OSA and BP outcomes. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021225683). We performed a systematic literature search to identify relevant cross-sectional and longitudinal studies up to July 6, 2021. Of the 4902 identified articles, a total of 12 cross-sectional studies and 2 cohort studies were included in the final analyses. In the cross-sectional analyses, the mean systolic BP (SBP) were significantly higher in children with mild or moderate-to-severe OSA compared to the healthy controls, and these effects were more pronounced during the nighttime. In prospective studies, moderate-to-severe childhood OSA was associated with a risk of elevated SBP in adulthood (Mean difference = 4.02 mm Hg, 95% CI = 1.32 to 6.72). Taken together, our results suggest that moderate-to-severe childhood OSA is associated with a higher risk of adverse SBP outcomes. Early detection and treatment of OSA may promote cardiovascular health in children and adolescents and possibly in future adulthood.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是成年人高血压（BP）的既定危险因素。然而，目前尚不清楚在儿童和青少年中是否也存在同样的关联。因此，我们进行了一项系统评价和荟萃分析，以评估儿童 OSA 与 BP 结局之间的关联。该综述方案已在 PROSPERO（CRD42021225683）中注册。我们进行了系统的文献检索，以确定截至 2021 年 7 月 6 日的相关横断面和纵向研究。在 4902 篇已确定的文章中，共有 12 项横断面研究和 2 项队列研究纳入最终分析。在横断面分析中，与健康对照组相比，轻度或中重度 OSA 的儿童的平均收缩压（SBP）明显更高，并且这些影响在夜间更为明显。在前瞻性研究中，中重度儿童 OSA 与成年后 SBP 升高的风险相关（平均差异=4.02mmHg，95%CI=1.32 至 6.72）。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，中重度儿童 OSA 与不良 SBP 结局的风险增加相关。早期发现和治疗 OSA 可能会促进儿童和青少年以及未来成年期的心血管健康。
