Laboratory Study of Movement, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas (IOT-HC) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Laboratory Study of Movement, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas (IOT-HC) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program in Aging Sciences from the Universidade São Judas Tadeu (USJT), Santos, SP, Brazil.
Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2022 Sep 7;77:100092. doi: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100092. eCollection 2022.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury is disabling in several sports because it causes knee instability and functional deficit. Usually, surgical treatments produce the best functional outcomes, however, sometimes they are not always able to fully restore stability and function.
The objective of this study was to evaluate postural balance, muscle strength, and functional performance of young athletes with an ACL injury before and after ACL reconstruction.
This was a longitudinal observational prospective study.
74 athletes, 60 men, and 14 women, aged between 16 and 45, divided into two groups: the Group-Lesion of ACL with 34 athletes (24.1 years) and the Group-Control with 40 athletes without ACL lesion (27.7 years old). All volunteers performed posturography, isokinetic dynamometry, and the Hop-Test. The ACL-Group was evaluated before and 12 months after the reconstruction and the control group was evaluated once.
The Postoperative ACL Group presented greater limb symmetry, 0.96 (± 0.12), than the preoperative ACL Group, 0.87 (± 0.17), p < 0.01 in the Hop-Test. In the posturography, the displacement area was smaller in the postoperative ACL Group, 19.85 (± 5.74), compared to the preoperative ACL Group, 24.20 (± 8.97), p < 0.01. In isokinetic dynamometry the torque peak was greater in the postoperative ACL Group, 0.91 (± 0.14), than in the preoperative ACL Group, 0.74 (± 0.15), p < 0.01.
The functional outcomes increased in ACL reconstruction athletes after 12 months, but not at the same level as in the Control Group. The result indicates an incomplete functional recovery, adaptive changes in postural control after injury, reconstruction, and return to sport.
前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤在多项运动中具有致残性，因为它会导致膝关节不稳定和功能缺陷。通常，手术治疗能产生最佳的功能结果，但有时并不能完全恢复稳定性和功能。
本研究的目的是评估 ACL 重建前后 ACL 损伤的年轻运动员的姿势平衡、肌肉力量和功能表现。
这是一项纵向观察性前瞻性研究。
74 名运动员，60 名男性，14 名女性，年龄在 16 至 45 岁之间，分为两组：ACL 损伤组 34 名运动员（24.1 岁）和 ACL 对照组 40 名无 ACL 损伤的运动员（27.7 岁）。所有志愿者进行了足底压力测试、等速肌力测试和单足跳测试。ACL 组在重建前和重建后 12 个月进行评估，对照组仅评估一次。
术后 ACL 组的 Hop 测试中，肢体对称性更好，0.96（±0.12），而术前 ACL 组，0.87（±0.17），p＜0.01。在足底压力测试中，术后 ACL 组的位移面积更小，19.85（±5.74），而术前 ACL 组，24.20（±8.97），p＜0.01。在等速肌力测试中，术后 ACL 组的峰值扭矩更大，0.91（±0.14），而术前 ACL 组，0.74（±0.15），p＜0.01。
ACL 重建运动员在术后 12 个月的功能结果有所提高，但不如对照组。结果表明，ACL 损伤、重建和重返运动后，姿势控制的功能恢复不完全，适应性改变。
