Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai Scientific Observation and Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment and Land Conservation, Shanghai Environmental Protection Monitoring Station of Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-carbon Agriculture (SERLA), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201403, PR China.
Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai Scientific Observation and Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment and Land Conservation, Shanghai Environmental Protection Monitoring Station of Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-carbon Agriculture (SERLA), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201403, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2022 Dec;308(Pt 2):136315. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136315. Epub 2022 Sep 7.
Due to the use of agricultural film, the pollution of phthalate esters (PAEs) in plastic-shed soils has attracted increasing attention. In this study, we used watermelon as a planting system and investigated the effects of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer application on the degradation of PAEs by evaluating soil nutrients and soil bacterial communities in plastic-shed soil. The dibutyl phthalate (DBP) concentration in the organic fertilizer soil was only 58.2% in the zero-fertilization control (CK) soil, but the concentrations of monohexyl phthalate (MEHP) and mono-n-butyl ester (MBP), the metabolites of PAEs, were found to be higher. The concentration of MBP is ten times that of DBP. The results showed that fertilization, especially the application of organic fertilizers, had a significant effect on the degradation of PAEs. There were specific biomarkers in different fertilization treatments. Among the microbiome community, Planifilum had the highest relative abundance in the organic fertilizer (OF) soil, and the highest proportion of Thermodesulfovibrionia was detected in the chemical fertilizer (CF) soil. These biomarkers were significantly correlated with PAEs and their metabolites. The relative abundance of Thermomonosporaceae was significantly positively correlated with DBP. Planifilum and Thermaerobacter, which significantly increased in organic fertilizer soil, showed a significant negative correlation with DBP and a significant positive correlation with MBP. The relative abundances of Planifilum and Geobacillus were elevated in the OF soil and may be able to co-metabolize soil nitrogen and PAEs. PAEs and their metabolites in soils had significant effects on soil microbes, as did the soil nutrients including available phosphorus (AP), alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen (Alkali-N), and organic matter (OM). Our research provides scientific support for the use of fertilizers to reduce PAE contamination but also warns of the potential risks of PAE metabolites.
由于农用薄膜的使用，塑料大棚土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）的污染引起了越来越多的关注。本研究以西瓜为种植系统，通过评价塑料大棚土壤养分和土壤细菌群落，研究了有机肥和化肥的施用对 PAEs 降解的影响。在不施肥对照（CK）土壤中，有机肥土壤中二丁基邻苯二甲酸酯（DBP）的浓度仅为 58.2%，但邻苯二甲酸单己酯（MEHP）和邻苯二甲酸单丁酯（MBP）的浓度，即 PAEs 的代谢物，却较高。MBP 的浓度是 DBP 的 10 倍。结果表明，施肥，特别是有机肥的施用，对 PAEs 的降解有显著影响。不同施肥处理有特定的生物标志物。在微生物组群落中，Planifilum 在有机肥（OF）土壤中的相对丰度最高，在化肥（CF）土壤中检测到 Thermodesulfovibrionia 的比例最高。这些生物标志物与 PAEs 及其代谢物显著相关。Thermomonosporaceae 的相对丰度与 DBP 呈显著正相关。在有机肥土壤中显著增加的 Planifilum 和 Thermaerobacter 与 DBP 呈显著负相关，与 MBP 呈显著正相关。Planifilum 和 Geobacillus 的相对丰度在 OF 土壤中升高，可能能够共代谢土壤氮和 PAEs。土壤中 PAEs 及其代谢物对土壤微生物有显著影响，土壤养分包括有效磷（AP）、碱解氮（Alkali-N）和有机质（OM）也是如此。我们的研究为利用肥料减少 PAE 污染提供了科学依据，但也警告了 PAE 代谢物的潜在风险。
