独生子女与非独生子女的近距工作活动和光轴长度的差异：一项横断面研究。
Differences in close-work activities and optical axis length between only children and non-only children: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, Wenzhou, China.
The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
出版信息
BMC Pediatr. 2022 Sep 10;22(1):538. doi: 10.1186/s12887-022-03586-7.
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to investigate the differences in optical axial length and close-work activities between only children and children with siblings in Wenzhou.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional population-based study. In total, 2913 school-aged children and their parents in Wenzhou were included as study subjects from April to May 2021. Data regarding the optical axial length, spherical equivalent refraction, number of children in a family, parental myopia, and close-work activities were collected through eye examinations and questionnaires. A multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between the number of children in a family and optical axial length.
RESULTS
The children were aged 9.80 ± 3.41 years. The overall percentage of children with an axial length > 24 mm was 38.9%, 44.5% in only children and 35.6% in multiples. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of having an AL > 24 mm were 1.24 times higher in only children than in multiples (OR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.025-1.480, P = 0.028). Only children were 1.331 times more likely to perform homework > 1 h on weekends than multiples (OR: 1.331, 95% CI: 1.049-1.688, P = 0.019). Only children in upper grades were 1.543 times more likely to perform homework > 1 h on weekends than multiples (OR: 1.543, 95% CI: 1.065-2.235, P = 0.025). Boys who were only children were more likely to attend three or more extracurricular classes for academic subjects than multiples (OR: 1.224, 95% CI: 1.011-1.562, P = 0.004).
CONCLUSIONS
Being an only child may be associated with a higher risk of myopia and higher odds of close-work behaviors. Only children, especially those in upper grades, are more likely to spend more time on homework than their peers who are multiples. Only children, especially boys, are more likely to attend extracurricular classes in academic subjects.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
This trial is registered as ChiCTR1900020584 at www.Chictr.org.cn .
背景
本研究旨在探讨温州地区独生儿童与非独生儿童在眼轴长度和近距工作活动方面的差异。
方法
这是一项基于人群的横断面研究。2021 年 4 月至 5 月，共纳入温州地区 2913 名学龄儿童及其家长作为研究对象。通过眼部检查和问卷调查收集眼轴长度、球镜等效屈光度、家庭中儿童数量、父母近视和近距工作活动等数据。采用多变量 logistic 回归分析家庭中儿童数量与眼轴长度之间的关系。
结果
儿童年龄为 9.80±3.41 岁。眼轴长度>24mm 的儿童总体百分比为 38.9%，独生儿童为 44.5%，非独生儿童为 35.6%。多变量 logistic 回归分析显示，与非独生儿童相比，独生儿童眼轴长度>24mm 的可能性高 1.24 倍（OR：1.24，95%CI：1.025-1.480，P=0.028）。与非独生儿童相比，独生儿童周末做家庭作业>1 小时的可能性高 1.331 倍（OR：1.331，95%CI：1.049-1.688，P=0.019）。高年级独生儿童周末做家庭作业>1 小时的可能性高 1.543 倍，而非独生儿童（OR：1.543，95%CI：1.065-2.235，P=0.025）。独生男孩比非独生男孩更有可能参加 3 个或以上学术科目的课外班（OR：1.224，95%CI：1.011-1.562，P=0.004）。
结论
作为独生子可能与近视风险增加和近距离工作行为的几率增加有关。与非独生儿童相比，独生儿童，尤其是高年级的独生儿童，更有可能花更多时间做家庭作业。与非独生儿童相比，独生儿童，尤其是男孩，更有可能参加学术科目的课外班。
试验注册
本试验在中国临床试验注册中心注册，注册号为 ChiCTR1900020584（www.Chictr.org.cn）。
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