NLA University College, Bergen, Pb 74 Sandviken, 5812, Bergen, Norway.
Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Zander Kaaesgate 7, 5015, Bergen, Norway.
BMC Public Health. 2019 Apr 25;19(1):433. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-6740-2.
Identifying factors that can influence young peoples' physical activity and sedentary behaviors is important for the development of effective interventions. The family structure in which children grow up may be one such factor. As the prevalence of single parent and reconstituted families have increased substantially over the last decades, the objective of this study was to examine whether these family structures are differentially associated with young people's MVPA, participation in organized sports and screen-time activities (screen-based passive entertainment, gaming, other screen-based activities) as compared to traditional nuclear families.
The data stem from the 2013/2014 "Health Behaviour in School- aged Children (HBSC) study". A large Norwegian sample of 11-16 years old students (n = 4509) participated. Cluster-adjusted regression models were estimated using full information maximum likelihood with robust standard errors (MLR).
After adjusting for covariates, living with a single parent was negatively associated with days/week with 60 min MVPA (b = -.39, 95%CI: -.58, -.20), and positively associated with hours/weekday of total screen time (b = .50, 95%CI: .08, .93). Young people living with a single parent were also more likely to report no participation in organized sports (OR = 1.40, 95%CI: 1.09, 1.79). Living in a reconstituted family was negatively associated with days/week with 60 min MVPA (b = -.31, 95%CI: -.53, -.08), and positively associated with hours/weekday of total screen time (b = .85, 95%CI: .37, 1.33). For all outcomes, the interaction effects of family structure with sex, and with having siblings were not statistically significant. For material affluence, a significant interaction effect was found for participation in organized sports (χ [4] =13.9, p = .008). Those living in a reconstituted family with low or high material affluence had an increased risk for not participating in organized sports whereas those with medium material affluence did not.
This study suggests that living with a single parent or in reconstituted families was unfavorably associated with physical activity, sport participation and screen-based behaviors among Norwegian youth. The findings indicate that family structure could be an important factor to take into account in the development and testing of interventions. More in-depth research is needed to identify the mechanisms involved.
识别能够影响年轻人身体活动和久坐行为的因素对于制定有效的干预措施非常重要。儿童成长的家庭结构可能就是这样一个因素。在过去几十年中，单亲家庭和重组家庭的比例大幅增加，因此，本研究的目的是检验这些家庭结构与年轻人的中高强度身体活动（MVPA）、参与有组织的体育活动以及屏幕时间活动（基于屏幕的被动娱乐、游戏、其他基于屏幕的活动）之间的关系是否存在差异，与传统核心家庭相比。
本研究的数据来自于 2013/2014 年“青少年健康行为调查（HBSC）”。一个由 11-16 岁的挪威学生组成的大型样本（n=4509）参与了此项研究。使用完全信息极大似然法（MLR）进行了调整聚类的回归模型估计。
在调整了协变量后，与单亲家庭同住与每周运动 60 分钟的天数（b=-.39，95%CI：-.58，-.20）呈负相关，与工作日每天的总屏幕时间（b=-.50，95%CI：.08，.93）呈正相关。与单亲家庭同住的年轻人也更有可能报告没有参加有组织的体育活动（OR=1.40，95%CI：1.09，1.79）。与重组家庭同住与每周运动 60 分钟的天数（b=-.31，95%CI：-.53，-.08）呈负相关，与工作日每天的总屏幕时间（b=-.85，95%CI：.37，1.33）呈正相关。对于所有结果，家庭结构与性别和兄弟姐妹数量的交互作用均无统计学意义。对于物质富裕程度，有组织的体育活动的交互作用具有统计学意义（χ[4]=13.9，p=0.008）。那些来自于物质富裕程度低或高的重组家庭的年轻人更有可能不参加有组织的体育活动，而来自于物质富裕程度中等的家庭的年轻人则没有这种倾向。
本研究表明，与单亲家庭或重组家庭同住与挪威年轻人的身体活动、运动参与和基于屏幕的行为呈负相关。研究结果表明，家庭结构可能是制定和测试干预措施时需要考虑的一个重要因素。需要进行更深入的研究以确定所涉及的机制。
