Ma Xiaocheng, Zhang Zongsu, Wen Simeng, Quan Changyi
Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Transl Cancer Res. 2022 Aug;11(8):2985-2989. doi: 10.21037/tcr-21-2913.
Teratomas are unusual tumors derived from multiple germ layers but they usually arise from all three germ layers. Knowledge of this disease is still very limited because of its low incidence. Retroperitoneal teratomas are extremely rare neoplasms, especially adrenal teratomas, which frequently found to be large, cystic or cyst-solid lesions. Adrenal teratomas are easily confused with various benign or malignant tumors, such as myelolipomas, adenomas, and hamartomas.
In this case presentation, we report a rare case in which an adrenal gland mass without apparent discomfort was detected by abdominal computed tomography (CT) for 6 months in a 59-year-old female. Results from the patient's adrenal hormonal evaluation were normal. An abdominal enhanced CT scan revealed a heterogeneous mass in the right adrenal gland. The patient then underwent a laparoscopic right adrenalectomy and the lesion was diagnosed as mature teratoma through histopathological examination. The patient recovered well without any complications.
Based on our knowledge, surgical resection is the first-choice intervention for the diagnosis and treatment of mature teratoma. Open surgery is the preferred method for the large tumors, while the laparoscopic adrenalectomy can be a better option in the small one. The patient's prognosis is usually good after complete resection, but close follow-up is also recommended.
畸胎瘤是源自多个胚层的罕见肿瘤，但通常起源于所有三个胚层。由于其发病率低，对这种疾病的了解仍然非常有限。腹膜后畸胎瘤是极其罕见的肿瘤，尤其是肾上腺畸胎瘤，常被发现为大的、囊性或囊实性病变。肾上腺畸胎瘤容易与各种良性或恶性肿瘤混淆，如髓脂肪瘤、腺瘤和错构瘤。
在本病例报告中，我们报道了一例罕见病例，一名59岁女性因腹部计算机断层扫描（CT）发现右侧肾上腺肿块6个月，无明显不适。患者肾上腺激素评估结果正常。腹部增强CT扫描显示右侧肾上腺有一个不均匀肿块。患者随后接受了腹腔镜右肾上腺切除术，通过组织病理学检查诊断为成熟畸胎瘤。患者恢复良好，无任何并发症。
据我们所知，手术切除是成熟畸胎瘤诊断和治疗的首选干预措施。开放手术是治疗大肿瘤的首选方法，而腹腔镜肾上腺切除术对于小肿瘤可能是更好的选择。完全切除后患者的预后通常良好，但也建议密切随访。
