Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Mikołaja Kopernika 12, 33-332, Kraków, Poland.
Chiroplastica-The Lower Silesian Center of Hand Surgery and Aesthetic Medicine, Wroclaw, Poland.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2022 Oct;44(10):1329-1338. doi: 10.1007/s00276-022-03016-4. Epub 2022 Sep 12.
The thoracoacromial trunk (TAT) originates from the second part of the axillary artery and curls around the superomedial border of the pectoralis minor, subsequently piercing the costocoracoid membrane. Knowledge about the location, morphology, and variations of the TAT and its branches is of great surgical importance due to its frequent use in various reconstructive flaps.
A retrospective study was conducted to establish anatomical variations, their prevalence, and morphometric data on TAT and its branches. The results of 55 consecutive patients who underwent neck and thoracic computed tomography angiography were analyzed. A qualitative evaluation of each TAT was performed.
A total of 15 morphologically different TAT variants were initially established. The median length of the TAT was set at 7.74 mm (LQ 3.50; HQ 13.65). The median maximum diameter of the TAT was established at 4.19 mm (LQ 3.86; HQ 4.90). The median TAT ostial area was set to 13.97 mm (LQ 11.70; HQ 18.86). To create a heat map of the most frequent location of the TAT, measurements of the relating structures were made.
In this study, the morphology and variations of the branching pattern of the TAT were presented, proposing a new classification system based on the four most commonly prevalent types. The prevalence of each branch arising directly from the TAT was also analyzed. It is hoped that the results of the present anatomical analysis can help to minimize potential complications when performing plastic or reconstructive procedures associated with TAT.
肩峰动脉干（TAT）起源于腋动脉的第二段，绕胸小肌的Superomedial 边界卷曲，随后穿过肋锁筋膜。由于 TAT 及其分支在各种重建皮瓣中经常使用，因此了解 TAT 及其分支的位置、形态和变异具有重要的手术意义。
进行了一项回顾性研究，以确定 TAT 及其分支的解剖变异、其流行率和形态测量数据。分析了 55 例连续接受颈部和胸部 CT 血管造影的患者的结果。对每个 TAT 进行定性评估。
最初确定了 15 种形态不同的 TAT 变体。TAT 的中位数长度设定为 7.74mm（LQ 3.50；HQ 13.65）。TAT 的中位数最大直径设定为 4.19mm（LQ 3.86；HQ 4.90）。TAT 口面积的中位数设定为 13.97mm（LQ 11.70；HQ 18.86）。为了创建 TAT 最常见位置的热点图，对相关结构进行了测量。
在这项研究中，介绍了 TAT 的分支模式的形态和变异，并提出了一种基于四种最常见类型的新分类系统。还分析了直接从 TAT 发出的每个分支的流行率。希望本解剖分析的结果有助于在与 TAT 相关的整形或重建手术中最小化潜在的并发症。
