Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University.
Dev Psychol. 2023 Apr;59(4):720-732. doi: 10.1037/dev0001444. Epub 2022 Sep 12.
There is fear that adolescents have limited control over their digital technology use. The current research examines longitudinal (Study 1) and daily (Study 2) associations between U.S. adolescents' self-control and digital technological impairment and use. Using a large sample ( = 2,104; Wave 1: = 12.36, 52% female, 57% economically disadvantaged, 48% racial minority), Study 1 tested how changes in adolescents' self-control and perceived technological impairment co-occur across time (between-person associations) and if self-control and perceived impairment are prospectively and bidirectionally associated with each other (within-person associations). There was evidence of between-person associations, in that poorer self-control and perceived technological impairment both increase over adolescence, and these increases are positively associated with each other. However, there was no evidence of prospective within-person associations. Using a subsample from Study 1 (N = 388), Study 2 found support for a between-person association for self-control and using digital technology for entertainment, in which adolescents who reported poorer self-control relative to their peers also engaged in greater digital technology use for entertainment. There was no robust support for within-person associations. These findings suggest that adolescents with poorer self-control may have established tendencies to experience greater technological impairment and use more digital technology for entertainment, but the lack of within-person associations indicate caution is needed for a cause-and-effect relation. Adolescents with existing poorer self-control may be more vulnerable to problematic digital technology use in a developmental period where digital technology is particularly rewarding, and intervention and prevention efforts should be geared toward these adolescents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
人们担心青少年对数字技术的使用缺乏控制。本研究通过纵向研究（研究 1）和日常研究（研究 2）考察了美国青少年的自我控制与数字技术障碍和使用之间的关系。研究使用了一个大样本（n=2104；第 1 波：平均年龄 12.36，52%为女性，57%经济困难，48%为少数族裔），研究 1 检验了青少年自我控制和感知技术障碍在跨时间（个体间关联）上的变化如何同时发生，以及自我控制和感知障碍是否与彼此具有前瞻性和双向关联（个体内关联）。有证据表明存在个体间关联，即较差的自我控制和感知技术障碍都在青春期增加，并且这些增加彼此呈正相关。然而，没有证据表明存在前瞻性个体内关联。在研究 1 的一个子样本（n=388）中，研究 2 发现自我控制和娱乐性数字技术使用之间存在个体间关联的证据，与同龄人相比，自我控制较差的青少年更多地使用数字技术进行娱乐。没有强有力的证据支持个体内关联。这些发现表明，自我控制能力较差的青少年可能已经形成了体验更大技术障碍和更多数字技术用于娱乐的倾向，但个体内关联的缺乏表明需要谨慎对待因果关系。在数字技术特别有回报的发展时期，自我控制能力较差的青少年可能更容易出现有问题的数字技术使用，干预和预防措施应针对这些青少年。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2023 APA，保留所有权利）。
