Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2022 Sep 12;107(4):873-880. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0204. Print 2022 Oct 12.
Zika virus (ZIKV) infections occurred in epidemic form in the Americas in 2014-2016, with some of the earliest isolates in the region coming from Haiti. We isolated ZIKV from 20 children with acute undifferentiated febrile illness who were part of a cohort of children seen at a school clinic in the Gressier region of Haiti. The virus was also isolated from three pools of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes collected at the same location. On phylogenetic analysis, three distinct ZIKV clades were identified. Strains from all three clades were present in Haiti in 2014, making them among the earliest isolates identified in the Western Hemisphere. Strains from all three clades were also isolated in 2016, indicative of their persistence across the time period of the epidemic. Mosquito isolates were collected in 2016 and included representatives from two of the three clades; in one instance, ZIKV was isolated from a pool of male mosquitoes, suggestive of vertical transmission of the virus. The identification of multiple ZIKV clades in Haiti at the beginning of the epidemic suggests that Haiti served as a nidus for transmission within the Caribbean.
寨卡病毒（ZIKV）于 2014-2016 年在美洲以流行形式爆发，该地区最早的一些分离株来自海地。我们从海地格雷西耶地区一所学校诊所就诊的 20 名急性非特异性发热儿童中分离出 ZIKV。还从同一地点采集的三批埃及伊蚊中分离出该病毒。在系统发育分析中，确定了三个不同的 ZIKV 分支。2014 年海地存在所有三个分支的病毒，这使它们成为西半球最早鉴定的分离株之一。所有三个分支的病毒株在 2016 年也被分离出来，表明它们在整个流行期间持续存在。2016 年采集了蚊子分离株，其中包括来自三个分支中的两个分支的代表；在一个实例中，从一批雄性蚊子中分离出 ZIKV，提示该病毒存在垂直传播。在疫情开始时，海地出现了多个 ZIKV 分支，这表明海地是加勒比地区传播的源头。
