Weng Xiao-Hong, Sui Xin, Li Meng-Sha, Liu Ying-Nan, Zhang Rong-Tao, Yang Li-Bin
Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China.
Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2022 Sep 8;43(9):4674-4683. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202111288.
Atmospheric nitrogen deposition has a crucial impact on the structure and function of soil microorganisms of wetland ecosystems. Therefore, carrying out a study on the effects of soil carbon metabolism capacity has a great significance for the protection and utilization of wetland ecosystems. In this study, the effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on the carbon metabolic capacity of soil microorganisms in wetland for five consecutive years was investigated using Biolog-Eco technology. The results showed:① soil water content (SMC), pH, nitrate nitrogen (NO), ammonium nitrogen (NH), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and total nitrogen (TN) contents were significantly different (<0.05) under different nitrogen deposition conditions. ② The average well color development (AWCD) values of soil microorganisms within different N depositions were in the order of CK (control)>HN (high nitrogen treatment)>LN (low nitrogen treatment). LN significantly reduced the Shannon diversity index of soil microorganisms, and HN significantly reduced the Pielou index of soil microorganisms (<0.05). ③ LN significantly inhibited the intensity of the utilization of carbohydrates, alcohols, amines, and acids by soil microorganisms (<0.05); HN significantly promoted the utilization of esters by microorganisms, but HN caused soil microorganisms to inhibit the carbon sources of carbohydrates, amines, and acids (<0.05). ④ Redundancy analysis showed that NH, DOC, and pH were the main environmental factors affecting the functional diversity of soil microbial communities in wetland in the Sanjiang Plain. Long-term nitrogen deposition will lead to the reduction in soil microbial functional diversity; the microbial activity related to the utilization of carbon source substrates is also significantly reduced, and the ability of microorganisms to utilize a single carbon source substrate also changes.
大气氮沉降对湿地生态系统土壤微生物的结构和功能具有至关重要的影响。因此，开展土壤碳代谢能力影响研究对湿地生态系统的保护与利用具有重要意义。本研究采用Biolog-Eco技术，连续五年探究模拟氮沉降对湿地土壤微生物碳代谢能力的影响。结果表明：①不同氮沉降条件下，土壤含水量（SMC）、pH值、硝态氮（NO）、铵态氮（NH）、溶解有机碳（DOC）和全氮（TN）含量存在显著差异（<0.05）。②不同氮沉降下土壤微生物的平均孔颜色发育（AWCD）值顺序为CK（对照）>HN（高氮处理）>LN（低氮处理）。LN显著降低了土壤微生物的香农多样性指数，HN显著降低了土壤微生物的皮洛指数（<0.05）。③LN显著抑制了土壤微生物对碳水化合物、醇类、胺类和酸类的利用强度（<0.05）；HN显著促进了微生物对酯类的利用，但HN导致土壤微生物对碳水化合物、胺类和酸类碳源的抑制（<0.05）。④冗余分析表明，NH、DOC和pH是影响三江平原湿地土壤微生物群落功能多样性 的主要环境因子。长期氮沉降将导致土壤微生物功能多样性降低；与碳源底物利用相关的微生物活性也显著降低，微生物对单一碳源底物的利用能力也发生变化。
