Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 2999 Jinshan Road, 361000, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Mol Biol Rep. 2022 Nov;49(11):11025-11035. doi: 10.1007/s11033-022-07423-z. Epub 2022 Sep 12.
As shown in the previous studies, hypothyroidism (HT) is identified to be closely associated with the elevated plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and with the decreased plasma levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). On the other hand, the thyroid hormone (TH), which has been considered as a vital hormone produced and released by the thyroid gland, are well-established to regulate the metabolism of plasma TC; whereas other evidence proposed that the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) also regulated the plasma cholesterol metabolism independently of the TH, which further promotes the progression of hyperlipidemia. Nevertheless, the potential mechanism is still not illustrated. It is worth noting that several studies has found that the progression of HT-induced hyperlipidemia might be associated with the down-regulated plasma levels of TH and the up-regulated plasma levels of TSH, revealing that HT could promote hyperlipidemia and its related cardio-metabolic disorders. Otherwise, multiple novel identified plasma proteins, such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTLs), and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), have also been demonstrated to embrace a vital function in modulating the progression of hyperlipidemia induced by HT. In the present comprehensive review, the recent findings which elucidated the association of HT and the progression of hyperlipidemia were summarized. Furthermore, other results which illustrated the underlying mechanisms by which HT facilitates the progression of hyperlipidemia and its cardio-metabolic disorders are also listed in the current review.
如先前研究所示，甲状腺功能减退症（HT）与总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、甘油三酯（TG）的血浆水平升高以及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）的血浆水平降低密切相关。另一方面，甲状腺激素（TH）被认为是甲状腺产生和释放的重要激素，其对 TC 的代谢具有良好的调节作用；而其他证据表明，甲状腺刺激激素（TSH）也可以独立于 TH 调节血浆胆固醇代谢，从而进一步促进高脂血症的发展。然而，潜在的机制仍未阐明。值得注意的是，有几项研究发现，HT 引起的高脂血症的进展可能与 TH 血浆水平降低和 TSH 血浆水平升高有关，表明 HT 可促进高脂血症及其相关的心血管代谢紊乱。此外，一些新发现的血浆蛋白，如前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素/激肽释放酶 9（PCSK9）、血管生成素样蛋白（ANGPTLs）和成纤维细胞生长因子（FGFs），也被证明在调节 HT 引起的高脂血症进展中具有重要作用。在本综述中，总结了最近阐明 HT 与高脂血症进展之间关系的发现。此外，本综述还列出了其他阐明 HT 促进高脂血症及其心血管代谢紊乱进展的潜在机制的结果。
