University of California, Los Angeles.
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA. 2022 Sep 13;328(10):963-967. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.14543.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that 210 000 children and adolescents younger than 20 years had diabetes as of 2018; of these, approximately 23 000 had type 2 diabetes. Youth with type 2 diabetes have an increased prevalence of associated chronic comorbid conditions, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Data indicate that the incidence of type 2 diabetes is rising; from 2002-2003 to 2014-2015, incidence increased from 9.0 cases per 100 000 children and adolescents to 13.8 cases per 100 000 children and adolescents.
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a review of the evidence on screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in asymptomatic, nonpregnant persons younger than 18 years. This is a new recommendation.
Children and adolescents younger than 18 years without known diabetes or prediabetes or symptoms of diabetes or prediabetes.
The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents. There is a lack of evidence on the effect of screening for, and early detection and treatment of, type 2 diabetes on health outcomes in youth, and the balance of benefits and harms cannot be determined.
The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents. (I statement).
疾病控制与预防中心估计，截至 2018 年，有 21 万名 20 岁以下的儿童和青少年患有糖尿病；其中约有 23000 人患有 2 型糖尿病。患有 2 型糖尿病的青少年伴有更多的相关慢性合并症，包括高血压、血脂异常和非酒精性脂肪肝疾病。数据表明，2 型糖尿病的发病率正在上升；从 2002-2003 年到 2014-2015 年，发病率从每 10 万名儿童和青少年 9.0 例上升到每 10 万名儿童和青少年 13.8 例。
美国预防服务工作组（USPSTF）委托对无症状、非妊娠的 18 岁以下人群进行糖尿病前期和 2 型糖尿病筛查的证据进行审查。这是一项新的推荐。
没有已知的糖尿病、糖尿病前期或糖尿病或糖尿病前期症状的 18 岁以下的儿童和青少年。
USPSTF 得出的结论是，证据不足以评估对儿童和青少年进行 2 型糖尿病筛查的利弊平衡。缺乏关于筛查、早期发现和治疗 2 型糖尿病对青少年健康结果的影响的证据，因此无法确定利弊的平衡。
USPSTF 得出的结论是，目前的证据不足以评估对儿童和青少年进行 2 型糖尿病筛查的利弊平衡。（I 级声明）。
