Pacurucu-Castillo Saul Francisco, Ordóñez-Mancheno José Marcelo, Hernández-Cruz Adrián, Alarcón Renato D
Addiction and Psychiatric Center Cuenca Ecuador.
Department of Psychiatry Cuenca University School of Medicine Cuenca Ecuador.
Psychiatr Res Clin Pract. 2019 Jan 24;1(1):32-38. doi: 10.1176/appi.prcp.20180009. eCollection 2019 Apr.
The opioid crisis is a growing social and public health phenomenon, particularly in developed countries such as the United States. Since the 1990s, this crisis has shown a variety of causal processes and consequences and has affected quality of life for millions of individuals, families, and communities across the globe. Although abuse of opioid-based painkillers appears to have triggered the epidemic in the United States, in this article, the problem is examined with a focus on Latin America, where drug-associated problems constitute threats to the health and quality of life for large segments of the population. After a review of the history of opium consumption and its consequences in the world and in Latin America, the authors present epidemiological data and information about regional market differences, professional involvement, clinical practices, public health realities, and prevention efforts. Recommendations are made for collaborative efforts to promote prevention policies and measures to improve the situation.
阿片类药物危机是一个日益严重的社会和公共卫生现象，在美国等发达国家尤为突出。自20世纪90年代以来，这场危机呈现出多种因果过程和后果，影响了全球数百万个人、家庭和社区的生活质量。虽然基于阿片类药物的止痛药滥用似乎引发了美国的这场流行病，但在本文中，我们将重点关注拉丁美洲来审视这一问题，在那里，与毒品相关的问题对很大一部分人口的健康和生活质量构成了威胁。在回顾了鸦片消费在世界和拉丁美洲的历史及其后果之后，作者们展示了流行病学数据以及有关区域市场差异、专业人员参与情况、临床实践、公共卫生现实和预防工作的信息。文章还就促进预防政策和措施以改善现状的合作努力提出了建议。
