Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Eye (Lond). 2023 Jun;37(9):1794-1801. doi: 10.1038/s41433-022-02207-y. Epub 2022 Sep 15.
This study investigated the effects of prematurity and ROP on visual acuity and VRQoL in adults (18-52 years).
The Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study is a retrospective cohort study with a prospective ophthalmologic examination. Preterm and full-term participants at an age from 18 to 52 years were included. Distant corrected visual acuity (DCVA) and VRQoL were assessed in participants (892 eyes of 450 individuals aged 28.6 ± 8.6 years, 251 females) grouped into full-term controls (gestational age [GA] at birth ≥37 weeks), preterm participants without ROP and GA 33-36 weeks (group 2), GA 29-32 weeks (group 3), GA ≤ 28 weeks (group 4), non-treated ROP (group 5) and treated ROP (group 6). Main outcome measures were distant corrected visual acuity (DCVA), VRQoL and prevalence of amblyopia.
The DCVA of the better eye correlated (p < 0.001) with GA, birth weight, ROP, ROP treatment, and perinatal adverse events and was poorer in both ROP groups. Visual acuity of <20/200 in the better eye was observed in two participants (4.2%) in the ROP group and one person (6.7%) in the treated ROP group. The prevalence of amblyopia increased in the ROP groups. Compared to full-term controls, visual functioning VRQoL scores were lower in preterm individuals independent of ROP while socioemotional VRQoL scores were only lower in the treated ROP group.
Participants with postnatal ROP and its treatment showed decreased visual acuity and VRQol in adulthood, with amblyopia occurring more frequently in more preterm participants with ROP.
本研究旨在探讨早产儿和视网膜病变（ROP）对成年（18-52 岁）人群视力和 VRQoL 的影响。
古腾堡早产儿眼研究是一项回顾性队列研究，结合前瞻性眼科检查。纳入年龄在 18 至 52 岁的早产儿和足月儿参与者。对参与者的远距矫正视力（DCVA）和 VRQoL 进行评估（共有 450 名个体的 892 只眼，年龄为 28.6±8.6 岁，女性 251 名），这些参与者被分为足月儿对照组（出生时的胎龄[GA]≥37 周）、无 ROP 且 GA 为 33-36 周的早产儿组（2 组）、GA 为 29-32 周的早产儿组（3 组）、GA≤28 周的早产儿组（4 组）、未治疗的 ROP 组（5 组）和治疗的 ROP 组（6 组）。主要观察指标为远距矫正视力（DCVA）、VRQoL 和弱视的患病率。
更好眼的 DCVA 与 GA、出生体重、ROP、ROP 治疗和围产期不良事件相关（p<0.001），且在 ROP 组中更差。更好眼的视力低于 20/200 的情况在 ROP 组的 2 名参与者（4.2%）和治疗的 ROP 组的 1 名参与者（6.7%）中观察到。ROP 组的弱视患病率增加。与足月儿对照组相比，无论是否患有 ROP，早产儿的视觉功能 VRQoL 评分均较低，而仅在治疗的 ROP 组中，社会情感 VRQoL 评分较低。
患有产后 ROP 和其治疗的参与者在成年时表现出视力和 VRQoL 下降，ROP 程度越重的早产儿中弱视的发生频率越高。
