All About Kids Therapy Services, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Department of Occupational Therapy, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
Occup Ther Health Care. 2024;38(1):92-109. doi: 10.1080/07380577.2022.2116761. Epub 2022 Sep 16.
This study explored the effect of music on the driving performance of experienced young adult drivers with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using an interactive driving simulator with two types of scenarios. A 2 (Group: autism/neurotypical) × 2 (Music: music/no music) × 2 (Scenario: hazards/wayfinding) factorial design was used with the order of scenarios and music conditions counterbalanced. Participants were 34 neurotypical drivers and 5 drivers with ASD, all with at least 3 years of driving experience. Paired sample -tests demonstrated no effect of music for any condition. Overall, the drivers with ASD had higher performance means than the neurotypical group with significant differences in the wayfinding scenario and the category for following regulations. Neurotypical drivers had better performance on the wayfinding scenario than the hazard scenario in maneuvers and being attentive to the environment. Although this study had a low number of drivers with ASD, it suggests drivers with ASD can perform better than neurotypical drivers, possibly because they follow road rule guidelines more consistently than neurotypical peers. In addition, this is the first study to examine wayfinding skills in teens/young adults with and without ASD.
本研究使用具有两种场景的交互式驾驶模拟器，探索了音乐对有和没有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的经验丰富的年轻成年驾驶员驾驶表现的影响。采用 2（组：自闭症/神经典型）×2（音乐：音乐/无音乐）×2（场景：危险/寻路）的析因设计，场景和音乐条件的顺序平衡。参与者包括 34 名神经典型驾驶员和 5 名 ASD 驾驶员，所有人都有至少 3 年的驾驶经验。配对样本检验表明，在任何情况下音乐都没有效果。总体而言，患有 ASD 的驾驶员的表现均值高于神经典型组，在寻路场景和遵守规定的类别方面存在显著差异。在寻路场景中，神经典型驾驶员的表现优于危险场景，在操纵和对环境的关注方面表现更好。尽管这项研究中 ASD 患者的数量较少，但它表明 ASD 患者的表现可能优于神经典型驾驶员，这可能是因为他们比神经典型同龄人更一致地遵守道路规则准则。此外，这是第一项研究考察有和没有 ASD 的青少年/年轻成年人的寻路技能。
