Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China.
Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2022 Nov;130:368-379. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.09.015. Epub 2022 Sep 14.
An eight-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of diets supplemented with three sulfur-containing amino acids (SAA), namely, methionine, cysteine, and taurine, on the intestinal health status of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) fed high-lipid diets. Four diets were formulated, namely, a high-lipid control diet (16% lipid, HL) and three SAA-supplemented diets, which were formulated by supplementing 1.5% methionine (HLM), 1.5% cysteine (HLC), and 1.5% taurine (HLT) into the HL control diet, respectively. Each diet was assigned to triplicate tanks, and each tank was stocked with 30 juvenile fish (appr. initial weight, 8 g). The histological and morphometric results showed that dietary SAA supplementation obviously improved the intestinal morphology and integrity, in particular as reflected by higher height of microvilli and mucosal folds. Dietary SAA supplementation, in particular cysteine, up-regulated the gene expression of mucin-2 and tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Tricellilun and JAM). Dietary SAA supplementation remarkably down-regulated the gene expression of apoptosis-related factors such as p38, JNK, and Bax, expression of pro-inflammatory factors (e.g., NF-κB, AP-1 IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α). SAA supplementation resulted in higher antioxidative abilities in the intestine. Additionally, dietary SAA supplementation largely altered the communities of intestinal microbiota. Compared with the HL group, higher relative abundance of potential beneficial bacteria, and lower relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens were observed in SAA-supplemented groups. Dietary taurine supplementation significantly increased the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus (in particular Lactobacillus murinus) and Limosilactobacillus (especially Lactobacillus reuteri). In conclusion, dietary sulfur-containing amino acids supplementation have promising potential in ameliorating the intestinal inflammation of turbot fed high-lipid diets. Especially dietary cysteine and taurine supplementation have more positive effects on the communities of the intestinal microbiota of turbot.
进行了为期八周的饲养试验，以研究富含三种含硫氨基酸（SAA）的饮食对高脂肪饮食喂养的幼大菱鲆（Scophthalmus maximus）肠道健康状况的影响。共配制了 4 种饲料，即高脂肪对照饲料（16%脂肪，HL）和 3 种 SAA 补充饲料，分别在 HL 对照饲料中补充 1.5%蛋氨酸（HLM）、1.5%半胱氨酸（HLC）和 1.5%牛磺酸（HLT）。每种饲料分配到 3 个养殖水箱中，每个水箱放养 30 条幼鱼（约初始重量 8g）。组织学和形态计量学结果表明，日粮 SAA 补充明显改善了肠道形态和完整性，尤其是微绒毛和黏膜褶皱的高度更高。日粮 SAA 补充，特别是半胱氨酸，上调了黏蛋白-2 和紧密连接蛋白（ZO-1、Tricellilun 和 JAM）的基因表达。日粮 SAA 补充显著下调了凋亡相关因子（如 p38、JNK 和 Bax）、促炎因子（如 NF-κB、AP-1、IL-1β、IL-8 和 TNF-α）的基因表达。SAA 补充显著提高了肠道的抗氧化能力。此外，日粮 SAA 补充极大地改变了肠道微生物群落。与 HL 组相比，SAA 补充组肠道中潜在有益菌的相对丰度增加，机会致病菌的相对丰度降低。日粮牛磺酸补充显著增加了 Ligilactobacillus（特别是 Lactobacillus murinus）和 Limosilactobacillus（特别是 Lactobacillus reuteri）的相对丰度。总之，日粮含硫氨基酸补充对高脂肪饮食喂养的大菱鲆肠道炎症具有潜在的改善作用。特别是日粮半胱氨酸和牛磺酸补充对大菱鲆肠道微生物群落的影响更为积极。
