Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.
Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2023 Jan;104:104807. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104807. Epub 2022 Sep 6.
The lack of cognitive activity accelerates age cognitive decline. Cognitive stimulation (CS) tries to enhance cognitive functioning. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of CS on cognitive outcomes (general cognitive functioning and specific cognitive domains) in older adults (aged 65 years or older, cognitively healthy participants, or with mild cognitive impairment, or dementia).
PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were examined from inception to October 2021. A total of 1,997 studies were identified in these databases, and. 33 studies were finally included in the systematic review and the meta-analysis. Raw means and standard deviations were used for continuous outcomes. Publication bias was examined by Egger's Regression Test for Funnel Plot Asymmetry and the quality assessment tools from the National Institutes of Health.
CS significantly improves general cognitive functioning (mean difference=MD = 1.536, 95%CI, 0.832 to 2.240), memory (MD = 0.365, 95%CI, 0.300 to 0.430), orientation (MD = 0.428, 95%CI, 0.306 to 0.550), praxis (MD = 0.278, 95%CI, 0.094 to 0.462) and calculation (MD = 0.228, 95%CI, 0.112 to 0.343).
CS seems to increase general cognitive functioning, memory, orientation, praxis, and calculation in older adults.
缺乏认知活动会加速老年人的认知能力下降。认知刺激（CS）试图增强认知功能。本系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是评估 CS 对老年人（年龄在 65 岁或以上、认知健康的参与者或患有轻度认知障碍或痴呆）的认知结果（一般认知功能和特定认知领域）的影响。
从数据库建立到 2021 年 10 月，我们检查了 PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库。在这些数据库中总共确定了 1997 项研究，最终有 33 项研究被纳入系统评价和荟萃分析。对于连续结果，使用原始均值和标准差。通过 Egger 回归检验漏斗图不对称和美国国立卫生研究院的质量评估工具来检查发表偏倚。
CS 显著改善了一般认知功能（平均差异=MD=1.536，95%置信区间，0.832 至 2.240）、记忆（MD=0.365，95%置信区间，0.300 至 0.430）、定向（MD=0.428，95%置信区间，0.306 至 0.550）、实践（MD=0.278，95%置信区间，0.094 至 0.462）和计算（MD=0.228，95%置信区间，0.112 至 0.343）。
CS 似乎可以提高老年人的一般认知功能、记忆、定向、实践和计算能力。
