Nong Xiazhen, Zhang Caiyun, Wang Junmin, Ding Peilun, Ji Guang, Wu Tao
Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Front Oncol. 2022 Sep 2;12:988290. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.988290. eCollection 2022.
It is well known that the enzyme catalyzes the first step of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism is branched-chain amino transferase (BCAT), which is involved in the synthesis and degradation of leucine, isoleucine and valine. There are two main subtypes of human branched chain amino transferase (hBCAT), including cytoplasmic BCAT (BCAT1) and mitochondrial BCAT (BCAT2). In recent years, the role of BCAT in tumors has attracted the attention of scientists, and there have been continuous research reports that BCAT plays a role in the tumor, Alzheimer's disease, myeloid leukaemia and other diseases. It plays a significant role in the growth and development of diseases, and new discoveries about this gene in some diseases are made every year. BCAT usually promotes cancer proliferation and invasion by activating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway and activating Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction. This article reviews the role and mechanism of BCAT in different diseases, as well as the recent biomedical research progress. This review aims to make a comprehensive summary of the role and mechanism of BCAT in different diseases and to provide new research ideas for the treatment, prognosis and prevention of certain diseases.
众所周知，催化支链氨基酸（BCAA）分解代谢第一步的酶是支链氨基酸转氨酶（BCAT），它参与亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸的合成与降解。人支链氨基酸转氨酶（hBCAT）有两种主要亚型，包括细胞质BCAT（BCAT1）和线粒体BCAT（BCAT2）。近年来，BCAT在肿瘤中的作用引起了科学家的关注，不断有研究报道BCAT在肿瘤、阿尔茨海默病、髓系白血病等疾病中发挥作用。它在疾病的发生发展中起着重要作用，每年都有关于该基因在某些疾病中的新发现。BCAT通常通过激活磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B/雷帕霉素哺乳动物靶标通路以及激活Wnt/β-连环蛋白信号转导来促进癌症增殖和侵袭。本文综述了BCAT在不同疾病中的作用及机制，以及近期的生物医学研究进展。本综述旨在全面总结BCAT在不同疾病中的作用及机制，为某些疾病的治疗、预后和预防提供新的研究思路。
