Center on Drug and Alcohol Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.
Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington.
J Pain. 2023 Jan;24(1):98-111. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.09.002. Epub 2022 Sep 16.
Cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 2 of the primary constituents of cannabis, are used by some individuals to self-treat chronic pain. It is unclear whether the pain-relieving effects of CBD alone and in combination with THC are consistent across genders and among types of pain. The present study compared the effects of CBD and THC given alone and in combination in male and female rats with Complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain. After induction of hindpaw inflammation, vehicle, CBD (0.05-2.5 mg/kg), THC (0.05-2.0 mg/kg), or a CBD:THC combination (3:1, 1:1, or 1:3 dose ratio) was administered i.p. twice daily for 3 days. Then on day 4, mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, weight-bearing, and locomotor activity were assessed 0.5 to 4 hours after administration of the same dose combination. Hindpaw edema and open field (anxiety-like) behaviors were measured thereafter. THC alone was anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic, and decreased paw thickness, locomotion, and open field behaviors. CBD alone was anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic. When combined with THC, CBD tended to decrease THC effects on pain-related behaviors and exacerbate THC-induced anxiety-like behaviors, particularly in females. These results suggest that at the doses tested, CBD-THC combinations may be less beneficial than THC alone for the treatment of chronic inflammatory pain. PERSPECTIVE: The present study compared CBD and THC effects alone and in combination in male and female rats with persistent inflammatory pain. This study could help clinicians who prescribe cannabis-based medicines for inflammatory pain conditions determine which cannabis constituents may be most beneficial.
大麻的两种主要成分，大麻二酚 (CBD) 和 Δ9-四氢大麻酚 (THC)，被一些人用于自行治疗慢性疼痛。目前还不清楚 CBD 单独使用和与 THC 联合使用时的止痛效果是否在性别之间以及在各种疼痛类型中一致。本研究比较了 CBD 和 THC 单独和联合使用对完全弗氏佐剂诱导的炎性疼痛的雄性和雌性大鼠的影响。在诱导后肢炎症后，给予 vehicle、CBD（0.05-2.5mg/kg）、THC（0.05-2.0mg/kg）或 CBD:THC 组合（3:1、1:1 或 1:3 剂量比）腹腔注射，每天两次，共 3 天。然后在第 4 天，在给予相同剂量组合后 0.5 至 4 小时评估机械性痛觉过敏、热痛觉过敏、负重和运动活动。此后测量后肢肿胀和旷场（焦虑样）行为。CBD 单独使用具有抗痛觉过敏和抗痛觉过敏作用，并减少足厚度、运动和旷场行为。CBD 单独使用具有抗痛觉过敏和抗痛觉过敏作用。当与 THC 联合使用时，CBD 倾向于降低 THC 对疼痛相关行为的作用，并加重 THC 引起的焦虑样行为，尤其是在雌性中。这些结果表明，在测试的剂量下，CBD-THC 组合可能不如 THC 单独用于治疗慢性炎症性疼痛。观点：本研究比较了有持续性炎性疼痛的雄性和雌性大鼠中 CBD 和 THC 的单独使用和联合使用效果。本研究可以帮助为炎性疼痛疾病开具大麻类药物的临床医生确定哪些大麻成分可能最有益。
