Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
University of Rhode Island, South Kingstown, Rhode Island, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2022 Nov;46(11):2110-2120. doi: 10.1111/acer.14946. Epub 2022 Oct 4.
The impact of alcohol and cannabis co-use on college student drinking and related outcomes is complex. Specific characteristics or patterns of co-use events beyond drinking quantity may be important to the experience of consequences. The present study used repeated daily surveys to examine the association between co-use (versus use of alcohol only) and drinking rate on negative consequences.
The sample included 318 college students (M = 19.8, 47% female, 76% non-Hispanic White) who were co-users of alcohol and cannabis, recruited from three U.S. college campuses. Participants completed 56 days of data collection (number of drinking days ranged from 1 to 38). Two measures of drinking rate were examined: (1) daily rate (number of drinks divided by number of hours spent drinking per day); and (2) peak hour rate (maximum number of drinks consumed in a single hour) to account for anomalous drinking days of long duration. Generalized linear mixed models examined: (1) associations of co-use with peak hour rate (model 1a) and daily rate (model 1b); (2) associations of peak hour rate (model 2a) and daily rate (model 2b) with experiencing any negative consequence; and (3) interactions of co-use with peak hour rate (model 3a) and daily rate (model 3b) on experiencing a consequence.
Co-use was positively associated with peak hour rate but not daily rate. Both peak hour and daily rate positively predicted likelihood of experiencing a negative consequence. The interaction of both peak hour and daily rate by co-use was significant such that the association of rate with experiencing a consequence was stronger on alcohol-only days compared to co-use days.
Daily drinking rate and peak hour drinking rate are unique and should be considered when discussing drinking patterns. Both predict negative consequences and may be important aspects of interventions for negative drinking-related outcomes among college students.
酒精和大麻共同使用对大学生饮酒和相关后果的影响是复杂的。共同使用事件的特定特征或模式，除了饮酒量之外，可能对后果的体验很重要。本研究使用重复的日常调查来检验共同使用（与仅使用酒精相比）与饮酒率对负面后果的关联。
该样本包括 318 名大学生（M = 19.8，47%为女性，76%为非西班牙裔白人），他们是酒精和大麻的共同使用者，从美国的三个大学校园招募而来。参与者完成了 56 天的数据收集（饮酒天数范围为 1 至 38 天）。检查了两种饮酒率测量方法：（1）日常率（每天饮酒量除以每天饮酒时间）；（2）高峰时率（单个小时内消耗的最大饮料数），以说明异常长时间饮酒的天数。广义线性混合模型检验了：（1）共同使用与高峰时率（模型 1a）和日常率（模型 1b）的关联；（2）高峰时率（模型 2a）和日常率（模型 2b）与经历任何负面后果的关联；（3）共同使用与高峰时率（模型 3a）和日常率（模型 3b）的相互作用对经历后果的影响。
共同使用与高峰时率呈正相关，但与日常率无关。高峰时率和日常率都与经历负面后果的可能性呈正相关。共同使用与高峰时率和日常率的相互作用具有统计学意义，这表明在仅使用酒精的日子里，与高峰时和日常率相关的经历后果的可能性比共同使用日更强。
日常饮酒率和高峰时饮酒率是独特的，在讨论饮酒模式时应加以考虑。两者都预测负面后果，并且可能是针对大学生负面饮酒相关后果的干预措施的重要方面。
