Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island.
Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2023 Mar;84(2):208-213. doi: 10.15288/jsad.22-00062. Epub 2022 Nov 7.
Co-use of alcohol and cannabis has been associated with more total negative consequences than single-substance use, but results have been mixed depending on whether the single substance was alcohol or cannabis. The present study used within-person analyses to examine whether co-use increased the risk for experiencing specific acute negative consequences.
College students who were co-users of alcohol and cannabis ( = 341; age = 19.8 years; 51.3% female; 74.8% White) completed 56 days of five daily surveys across two bursts. We used generalized linear mixed effects models to examine the effects of type of substance use day on specific negative consequences, controlling for consumption and covariates.
Relative to both alcohol-only and co-use days, cannabis-only days were associated with decreased likelihood of experiencing hangover, blackout, nausea/vomiting, injury, rude/aggressive behavior, and unwanted sex. Relative to alcohol-only days, cannabis-only and co-use days were associated with an increased likelihood of driving high/drunk. Finally, there was an increased likelihood of hangovers on alcohol-only days compared with co-use days.
Days with different types of substance use differed in specific consequences. Most of the negative co-use consequences investigated here appear to be driven by alcohol consumption rather than cannabis use. The results also indicated that these young adults were more likely to endorse driving under the influence of cannabis than alcohol. Interventions for co-use should target alcohol consumption to reduce negative consequences such as blackout, injury, rude/aggressive behavior, and unwanted sex and highlight the dangers of driving under the influence of cannabis.
酒精和大麻同时使用所产生的总负面后果比单一物质使用更多，但结果因单一物质是酒精还是大麻而有所不同。本研究使用个体内分析来检验共同使用是否会增加经历特定急性负面后果的风险。
同时使用酒精和大麻的大学生（n=341；年龄=19.8 岁；51.3%女性；74.8%白人）在两个爆发期内完成了 56 天的 5 次每日调查。我们使用广义线性混合效应模型来检验不同类型的物质使用日对特定负面后果的影响，同时控制了消费和协变量。
与仅使用酒精和共同使用日相比，仅使用大麻日与宿醉、昏迷、恶心/呕吐、受伤、粗鲁/攻击行为和非自愿性行为发生的可能性降低有关。与仅使用酒精日相比，仅使用大麻日和共同使用日与吸食大麻后开车的可能性增加有关。最后，与共同使用日相比，仅使用酒精日发生宿醉的可能性更高。
不同类型的物质使用日在特定后果上存在差异。这里研究的大多数负面共同使用后果似乎是由酒精消费而不是大麻使用引起的。结果还表明，这些年轻人更有可能在吸食大麻后开车，而不是酒精。针对共同使用的干预措施应针对酒精消费，以减少负面后果，如昏迷、受伤、粗鲁/攻击行为和非自愿性行为，并强调吸食大麻后开车的危险。
