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热带城市国家公路沿线路边植物的大气污染耐受能力和预期性能指数的估算。

Estimation of air pollution tolerance and anticipated performance index of roadside plants along the national highway in a tropical urban city.

机构信息

Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur, UP, India.

Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, UP, India.

出版信息

Environ Monit Assess. 2022 Sep 20;194(11):808. doi: 10.1007/s10661-022-10483-0.

Abstract

One of the most serious environmental issues is air pollution. Unlike other environmental concerns, this form of pollution is extremely challenging to regulate. The greenery of roadside trees plays a significant role in air purification and pollutant absorption, therefore helping to mitigate environmental pollution. Several plants can absorb and store toxins in their leaves from the atmosphere. Green plants have the potential to work as sinks and filters for air pollutants. Green belt development along national highways is a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable method of reducing air pollution. Sensitive and tolerant plants against air pollution can be identified by evaluating their air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and anticipated performance index (API) values. In this study, the susceptibility level of plant species to air pollution was assessed using APTI and API. The four parameters on which APTI depends are ascorbic acid content, total chlorophyll content, relative water content, and leaf extract pH. For the estimation of API, the plant's biological and socioeconomic factors like tree habit, canopy structure, type, size, texture, and hardness of the plant are also assessed. These parameters were determined and incorporated into a formula that represents the APTI and API of plants. Moreover, multilinear regression modeling was performed using a Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, V25) and found that pH and ascorbic acid content in plant leaves have a significant role in the calculation of APTI and tolerance potential of plants. Therefore, APTI was assessed with seventeen plant species that are abundant in the area along the national highway in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, from Jan to Mar 2020. The APTI showed that Saraca asoca was the most resistant to air pollution, whereas Vachellia nilotica was the most sensitive. In addition, plants with higher APTI can also be used to reduce air pollution, while plants with lower APTI can be utilized to monitor air pollution. Based on the calculated API score, it is found that Ficus elastica (% score > 90) is the best option for green belt development. Urban local body (ULB) can also adopt Ficus religiosa, Saraca asoca, and Aucuba japonica (having % a grade score of 80-90) for mitigation of air pollution. The study indicates that plantations of tolerant species are useful for biomonitoring and developing green belts on and along national highways.

摘要

其中一个最严重的环境问题是空气污染。与其他环境问题不同,这种形式的污染极难控制。路边树木的绿化在空气净化和污染物吸收方面发挥着重要作用,因此有助于减轻环境污染。一些植物可以从大气中吸收和储存叶片中的毒素。绿色植物有可能成为空气污染物的汇和过滤器。在国家高速公路沿线发展绿化带是一种具有成本效益和环境可持续性的减少空气污染的方法。可以通过评估其空气污染物耐受指数(APTI)和预期性能指数(API)值来识别对空气污染敏感和耐受的植物。在这项研究中,使用 APTI 和 API 评估了植物物种对空气污染的敏感性。APTI 依赖的四个参数是抗坏血酸含量、总叶绿素含量、相对水含量和叶片提取物 pH 值。对于 API 的估计,还评估了植物的生物和社会经济因素,如树型、树冠结构、类型、大小、质地和硬度。这些参数被确定并纳入代表植物 APTI 和 API 的公式中。此外,还使用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS,V25)进行了多元线性回归建模,发现叶片中的 pH 值和抗坏血酸含量在 APTI 的计算和植物的耐受潜力中起着重要作用。因此,在 2020 年 1 月至 3 月期间,评估了在北方邦坎普尔市国家高速公路沿线地区丰富的十七种植物的 APTI。APTI 显示,Saraca asoca 对空气污染的抵抗力最强,而 Vachellia nilotica 则最敏感。此外,具有较高 APTI 的植物也可以用来减少空气污染,而具有较低 APTI 的植物可以用来监测空气污染。根据计算得出的 API 得分,发现 Ficus elastica(%得分>90)是绿化带发展的最佳选择。城市地方机构(ULB)也可以选择 Ficus religiosa、Saraca asoca 和 Aucuba japonica(得分等级为 80-90%)来减轻空气污染。该研究表明,耐受物种的种植对于生物监测和在国家高速公路及其沿线发展绿化带非常有用。

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