Dept. of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
College of Veterinary Science, Garividi, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Acta Parasitol. 2022 Dec;67(4):1667-1679. doi: 10.1007/s11686-022-00614-5. Epub 2022 Sep 20.
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is one of the most neglected tropical diseases as per WHO which has an immense public health significance. Diagnosis of CE is difficult as specific clinical signs are manifested only after the hydatid cyst attains a considerable size. Immunodiagnosis is a reliable method of diagnosing CE.
SDS-PAGE was performed for the hydatid cyst fluid antigens. The antigen purity was tested by Western blotting and four different immunoassays were evaluated using these two antigens in sheep and buffalo in diagnosis of CE.
SDS-PAGE revealed four bands of 72, 64, 48 and 24 kDa for crude antigen and a single 72 kDa band for purified antigen. Among sheep sera, ELISA was most sensitive (70%) using crude antigen and also while using the purified antigen (80%). In case of buffaloes, ELISA, DID and CIEP were more sensitive (83.3%) using crude antigen, whereas DID and CIEP were more sensitive (83.3%) using purified antigen.
In sheep, while using the crude antigen ELISA was the most sensitive assay and IHA was the least sensitive assay. While using the purified antigen also, ELISA was the most sensitive and others were absolutely specific except for IHA being less sensitive. In buffaloes, using crude antigen, all the immunoassays CIEP, DID and ELISA were highly sensitive in diagnosing CE infection except IHA, whereas using the purified antigen, both CIEP and DID were more sensitive than ELISA and IHA which were comparatively less sensitive in detecting CE in buffalo sera.
囊性包虫病（CE）是世界卫生组织（WHO）认定的最被忽视的热带病之一，具有重要的公共卫生意义。由于包虫囊只有长到相当大的尺寸时才会出现特定的临床症状，因此 CE 的诊断较为困难。免疫诊断是诊断 CE 的可靠方法。
对包虫囊液抗原进行 SDS-PAGE 分析。通过 Western blot 检测抗原纯度，并使用这两种抗原在绵羊和水牛中评估了四种不同的免疫检测方法在 CE 诊断中的应用。
SDS-PAGE 显示粗抗原有 72、64、48 和 24 kDa 的 4 个条带，而纯化抗原只有 72 kDa 的单一条带。在绵羊血清中，粗抗原的 ELISA 最敏感（70%），而使用纯化抗原时也最敏感（80%）。在水牛中，粗抗原的 ELISA、DID 和 CIEP 更敏感（83.3%），而纯化抗原的 DID 和 CIEP 更敏感（83.3%）。
在绵羊中，使用粗抗原时，ELISA 是最敏感的检测方法，而 IHA 是最不敏感的检测方法。使用纯化抗原时，ELISA 也是最敏感的，除了 IHA 稍不敏感外，其他方法都是绝对特异的。在水牛中，使用粗抗原时，除了 IHA 外，所有免疫检测方法（CIEP、DID 和 ELISA）在诊断 CE 感染方面都非常敏感，而使用纯化抗原时，CIEP 和 DID 比 ELISA 和 IHA 更敏感，后者在检测水牛血清中的 CE 时相对不敏感。
