Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2022 Dec;70:102298. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102298. Epub 2022 Sep 18.
Adaptation to a wide range of environments is a major driver of plant diversity. It is now possible to catalog millions of potential adaptive genomic differences segregating between environments within a plant species in a single experiment. Understanding which of these changes contributes to adaptive phenotypic divergence between plant populations is a major goal of evolutionary biologists and crop breeders. In this review, we briefly highlight the approaches frequently used to understand the genetic basis of adaptive phenotypes in plants, and we discuss some of the limitations of these methods. We propose that direct observation of the process of adaptation using multigenerational studies and whole genome sequencing is a crucial missing component of recent studies of plant adaptation because it complements several shortcomings of sampling-based techniques.
适应广泛的环境是植物多样性的主要驱动因素。现在，在一个单一的实验中，可以对一个植物物种内环境之间存在的数百万种潜在适应性基因组差异进行编目。了解这些变化中有哪些有助于植物种群之间的适应性表型分歧，是进化生物学家和作物培育者的主要目标。在这篇综述中，我们简要地强调了常用于理解植物适应性表型遗传基础的方法，并讨论了这些方法的一些局限性。我们提出，使用多代研究和全基因组测序直接观察适应过程是植物适应研究中一个至关重要的缺失环节，因为它弥补了基于抽样技术的几个缺点。
