Garzón-Duque María Osley, Bonbón-Velez María Camila, Toro-Rivera José Alejandro, Agudelo-Aguilar Isabela
Universidad CES, Medellín Colombia, Facultad de Medicina, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.
Rev Bras Med Trab. 2022 Jun 30;20(2):298-310. doi: 10.47626/1679-4435-2022-687. eCollection 2022 Apr-Jun.
Although informal employment is increasing, there is still little evidence of musculoskeletal symptoms in workers with precarious jobs in marketplaces and of how these symptoms are related to their labor conditions and risks.
To identify sociodemographic and labor conditions and ergonomic risks associated with musculoskeletal symptoms in workers from a marketplace in a Colombian municipality in 2017.
Cross-sectional study of a 2017 census of 194 workers. A survey was applied, and labor and environmental records were collected. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed, with statistical tests with 95% confidence level.
Women (56.7%) and workers older than 30 years (75.4%) predominated; 90.7% of participants worked 8 hours a day or more; 52.8% worked from 1 to 5 days a week; and 33.9% had been working in the profession for > 20 years. Moreover, 86.6% had semi-stationary sales position; 43.8% were overweight, and 18.8% obese. Also, 60.6% presented with some type of musculoskeletal symptom, the most prevalent of which was joint pain (37.7%). Selling meat (PR = 2.36), merchandise/pots (PR = 1.40), harvest/perishable products (PR = 1.26), and working from 8 to 11 hours a day (PR = 1.76) explained higher prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms. Conversely, moving (PA = 0.5) and lifting (PR = 0.75) heavy objects explained lower prevalence of these symptoms.
Greater musculoskeletal symptoms were related to older age, lower schooling, fewer days of work, working from 8 to 11 hours, and selling meat, merchandise/pots, and harvest/perishable products. These conditions, once identified, will facilitate promotion and prevention actions to improve the living and health conditions of marketplace workers.
尽管非正规就业人数在增加，但关于市场中从事不稳定工作的劳动者肌肉骨骼症状的证据仍然很少，也不清楚这些症状与他们的劳动条件和风险之间的关系。
确定2017年哥伦比亚某城市市场劳动者中与肌肉骨骼症状相关的社会人口学特征、劳动条件和人体工程学风险。
对194名劳动者进行2017年人口普查的横断面研究。进行了一项调查，并收集了劳动和环境记录。进行了单变量、双变量和多变量分析，统计检验的置信水平为95%。
女性（56.7%）和30岁以上劳动者（75.4%）占主导；90.7%的参与者每天工作8小时或更长时间；52.8%的人每周工作1至5天；33.9%的人从事该职业超过20年。此外，86.6%的人有半固定销售岗位；43.8%超重，18.8%肥胖。另外，60.6%的人出现某种类型的肌肉骨骼症状，最常见的是关节疼痛（37.7%）。销售肉类（PR = 2.36）、商品/锅具（PR = 1.40）、农产品/易腐产品（PR = 1.26）以及每天工作8至11小时（PR = 1.76）导致肌肉骨骼症状的患病率较高。相反，搬运（PA = 0.5）和举起重物（PR = 0.75）导致这些症状的患病率较低。
更多的肌肉骨骼症状与年龄较大、受教育程度较低、工作天数较少、每天工作8至11小时以及销售肉类、商品/锅具和农产品/易腐产品有关。一旦确定这些情况，将有助于推动促进和预防行动，以改善市场劳动者的生活和健康状况。
