Memory Clinic, University Department of Geriatric Medicine Felix Platter, Basel, Switzerland.
Faculty of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
J Neuropsychol. 2023 Mar;17(1):125-145. doi: 10.1111/jnp.12290. Epub 2022 Sep 21.
Impairments of Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities occur in a wide range of brain disorders. Therefore, reliable and ecologically valid examination of these abilities is a crucial part of any comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. An established and ecologically valid, English-language test identifying deficits in ToM abilities is "The Awareness of Social Inference Test - Social Inference Minimal (TASIT-SIM)". However, no comparable German-language ToM test currently exists. In this study, we aimed to develop the first German-language adaption of TASIT-SIM in healthy adults. We selected 13 scenes [four scenes per message type (i.e., honesty, simple sarcasm, paradoxical sarcasm) and one practice scene] out of the 30 TASIT-SIM scenes. In collaboration with a film institute, we filmed each scene at three different intensities. These intensity version scenes were then administered to 240 healthy adults, equally distributed in sex and age, ranging from 35 to 92 years. By applying Rasch analysis, we selected intensity versions that showed neither floor nor ceiling effects in the majority of ToM questions in participants whose ToM abilities were in the medium range. In conclusion, we have developed the first German-language adaption of TASIT-SIM, i.e., the "Basel Version of the Awareness of Social Inference Test - Theory of Mind (BASIT-ToM)". The BASIT-ToM incorporates the strengths of TASIT-SIM, while overcoming its limitations such as inconsistencies in cinematic realization and ceiling effects in healthy participants. Next, the BASIT-ToM needs to be validated in healthy people and clinical populations.
在广泛的脑部疾病中,都会出现心理理论(Theory of Mind,ToM)能力的损伤。因此,对这些能力进行可靠且符合生态效度的检测是任何全面神经心理学评估的关键部分。一种已确立且具有生态效度的、用于检测 ToM 能力缺陷的英语语言测试是“社会推理测试-社会推理最小版(TASIT-SIM)”。然而,目前尚无可比的德语版 ToM 测试。在这项研究中,我们旨在为健康成年人开发 TASIT-SIM 的首个德语版本。我们从 TASIT-SIM 的 30 个场景中选择了 13 个场景[每个消息类型(即诚实、简单讽刺、矛盾讽刺)四个场景和一个练习场景]。我们与一家电影制片厂合作,以三种不同的强度拍摄了每个场景。然后,将这些强度版本的场景分发给 240 名健康成年人,这些成年人在性别和年龄上平均分布,年龄范围从 35 岁到 92 岁。通过应用 Rasch 分析,我们选择了在 ToM 能力处于中等范围的参与者中,大多数 ToM 问题都没有出现地板效应或天花板效应的强度版本。总之,我们已经开发了 TASIT-SIM 的首个德语版本,即“社会推理测试-心理理论意识的巴塞尔版本(BASIT-ToM)”。BASIT-ToM 结合了 TASIT-SIM 的优势,同时克服了其局限性,例如电影化实现的不一致性和健康参与者的天花板效应。接下来,BASIT-ToM 需要在健康人群和临床人群中进行验证。